Being Savage #58 - Being Latin - Scaliger

[Anonymous]

The strange crest on the Scaliger Castle

Jacob's Ladder or pyramid missing cap stone?

A and A - Apollo and Athena - Much like the writing of shakespere or the spear shakers?

http://theinfounderground.com/ftp/savag ... rmione.jpg

[Anonymous]

JJ's Papa is a strange bloke - here he apparently hooks up with Nostradamus, who ends up creating more swill for the masses

http://www.zannoth.de/neuigkeiten/eng-scaliger.html

Julius Caesar Scaliger

Excerpt from the "Real-Enzyklopaedie fuer die gebildeten Staende,
(Conversations - Lexicon) Reutlingen 1831"


The history of this famous scholar is wrapped by his vanity in darkness.
According to his fictions was he a descendant of the famous house of the Scaligers, princes of Verona, and born on 28 April 1484 on the castle Riva at the Gardasee, ward afterwards page with the emperor Maximilian, who he served 17 years in war and peace, received then a year content of the duke of Ferrara, studied to Bologna, commandet under the french vice-king a squadron, put on the study of the nature teachings and accompanied 1525 the bishop of Agen, Antonio de la Rovera, to his dioecese in France, where he established himself.
This narration received with several scholars, under those also de Thou, the friend and admirer of his son Joseph was, to faith; but it was made among other things, ridiculous already at his time by Scioppius and generally regarded as whole or to a large extent fictious.
After Tiraboschi's indication is Scaliger the son of Benedetto Bordone, one born Paduane, which operated the art of a illuminirer to Venice. Either of the indication of his workshop, or of the district where he was convenient della Scala, he had received his surname; up to his 42 years he lived to Venice or Padua in darkness, concerned himselve with the study and the practice of the medicine and published under the name Guilio Bordone some writings.
Either a promise or the hope to improve his circumstances pulled it him towards Agen, where he lived his remaining days. 1528 he does not seem to have been yet will to spend himself as a descendant of that dynasty, there he affected by Franz I. himself a naturalization patent under the name: Julius Caesar della Scala de Bordone, Dr. of physics, native from Verona in Italy.
Meanwhile he must have appeared to Agen with some honor, by receiving Andietta de Roques, a young woman from a noble and wealthy family, 1520 to his wife.
From this time on he began to publicly insure his princely origin, without however to be supported therein by a certified piece of act or acknowlegment of a prince from the veronese house.
He made his name glorious by several writings, which acquired him a high place among the scholars of his time, admits, although the bragging arrogance which prevailed in his works, tightened many enemies to him.
By continued practice of the natural history he acquired considerable richness and held a shining house. By the frankness of his writings he made himself orthodoxy suspicious.
He died however as a good catholic to Agen the 21. Oct. 1558 in the 76. year of live.
Scaliger was certainly a man of extraordinary abilities, and although he is counted to the late scholars, then to have nevertheless only few a higher stage in scientific regard climbed.
He had a strong memory and a lively understanding; he thought freely, if also not always follower genuine. Backobviously his moral characteristics his large truthfulness will particularly preisen from his son, but did not have to come thereby his vanity and disputatious disputatiousness into the play....
end of  quotation

This is one of the many biographies, which there are over his dark past. In many different it stands that he married only 1528 - 29 the 16 year old Andiette de la Roque Lobejac. Allegedly he became acquainted with her at the age of 13 years and has then married her as she was 16.

Now so long these circumstances are not by any documents occupied and clarified, we must regard it as pure speculations.

Scaliger and Nostradamus

If we compare now these speculations or better the above biography with the life of Nostradamus, then we know from the master that he came between 1532 and 1535 to Agen, into the house of Scaliger.
Now if Scaliger married already 1520, then he could have had a daughter at this time with the age between 12 and 15 years !
If now Nostradamus fell in love, - after the model of his "instructor" - with this girl and she also married then, then this would lighten the dark history around his first marriage !
In this history it means that he married ca. 1534 in Agen a young, very graceful girl from outstanding house and with her had two children, a son and a daughter. For some biographies as name of the girl even Henriette or Andriette d'Encausse is indicated !
Possibly did the daughter of Scaliger have the same first name as the mother ?
It would clear up some inconsistencies in the life of the master Nostradamus !
Why the name Caesar for the first son from the second marriage with Anne Ponsard ?
To the memory of the first, unfortunately so early deceased son from the first marriage ?
Did he carry the name of the father-in-law of Nostradamus, the first name of Julius Caesar Scaliger ?
Then the first daughter was called also Andiette possible like her mother and also the grandmother Andiette de la Roque !
This circumstance would explain also the large disunion, which Nostradamus had with Scaliger after the death of his first wife.
Scaliger could not help and Nostradamus was not at home as his wife and the two children got sick !
The great plague physician was on the way around helping "strangers" and at home died his wife and his children , the daughter of Julius Caesar Scaliger !
It must have been terrible for the grandfather to know that Nostradamus heals the plague within strangers and his daughter and his grandchildren die, because the father of the children is not at home with his "miracle medicine" !
Nostradamus returns too late and now begins the reproaches of the hot-tempered father-in-law. The dowry is demanded back and Nostradamus is forced from the house , hunted as a cheat and charlatan, and pursued with rushing writings. If one regards the whole circumstances of the discord between Scaliger and Nostradamus, then it can have only been like that.
Scaliger had to pay attention to his laboriously developed "good reputation" and therefore all documents by him was destroyed, how also later his son Joseph burned the remaining documents, which could have harmed the "good reputation" of the father.

But for me arises the question, is "everything" destroyed, or has something really survived the father or the son ?

Did someone in France make himself thoughts in this direction and search for any documents ?

[Anonymous]

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/6468928

Scaliger Tombs

The Scaliger Tombs (Italian: "Arche scaligere") is a group of five Gothic funerary monuments in Verona, Italy, celebrating the Scaliger family, who ruled in Verona from the 13th to the late 14th century.

The tombs are located in a court of the church of Santa Maria Antica, separated from the street by a wall with iron grilles. Built in Gothic style, they are a series of tombs, most of which are in the shape of a small temple and covered by a baldachin. According to the French historian Georges Duby, they are one of the most outstanding examples of Gothic art.

The tombs are placed within a wrought iron enclosure decorated with a stair motif, in reference to the Italian meaning of the name of the family, della Scala. The tombs are those of the following notable members of the Scaliger dynasty:
*Cangrande I. This was the first tomb built, in the 14th century, according to the will of the deceased, the most famous Scaliger ruler of the city. The designer was the architect of the church of Santa Anastasia, who planned it in the shape of a Gothic tabernacle, supported by richly harnessed dogs ("" meaning "Big dog" in Italian). On the sepulchre's cover is the recumbant statue of the lord, characterized by an unusual smile. The selpuchre is decorated on each side by high-reliefs with religious themes and bas-reliefs with military themes. On the summit of the baldachin was once an equestrian statue of Cangrande, now replaced by a copy (the original is in the museum of Castelvecchio).
*Mastino II. Begun in 1345, this tomb was modified during its construction. It was originally painted and gilted, and is enclosed by a railing with four statues of the Virtues at the corners. The faces of the funerary urn are decorated by religious motifs; on the sepulchre cover lies again the defunct's statue, guarded by two angels. The baldachin has religious themes sculpted on the pediment, and is also surmounted by the equestrian statue of Mastino II.
*Cansignorio. Dating from 1375, and the most richly decorated. It was designed by Bonino da Campione, and has sculptures portraying warrior saints, Gospel characters, the Virtues and the Apostles, and the big equestrian statue of Cansignorio.
*Alberto II. Unlike the others, it has no baldachin but only a sarcophagus, though richly decorated. It dates from 1301.
*Giovanni. This monument is built into the wall of the church. It was finished in 1359 by Andriolo de' Santi, and until 1400 it was located in the church of San Fermo Maggiore.

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/34468

Gothic architecture

Gothic architecture is a style of architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture.

Originating in 12th-century France and lasting into the 16th century, Gothic architecture was known during the period as "the French Style" (" _la. Opus Francigenum"), with the term "Gothic" first appearing during the latter part of the Renaissance as a stylistic insult. Its characteristic features include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault and the flying buttress.

Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and parish churches of Europe. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls, guild halls, universities, and to a less prominent extent, private dwellings.

It is in the great churches and cathedrals and in a number of civic buildings that the Gothic style was expressed most powerfully, its characteristics lending themselves to appeal to the emotions. A great number of ecclesiastical buildings remain from this period, of which even the smallest are often structures of architectural distinction while many of the larger churches are considered priceless works of art and are listed with UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. For this reason a study of Gothic architecture is largely a study of cathedrals and churches.

A series of Gothic revivals began in mid-18th century England, spread through 19th-century Europe and continued, largely for ecclesiastical and university structures, into the 20th century.

The term "Gothic", when applied to architecture, has nothing to do with the historical Goths. It was a pejorative term that came to be used as early as the 1530s by Giorgio Vasari to describe culture that was considered rude and barbaric. [Banister Fletcher quotes Vasari as using this term.] At the time in which Vasari was writing, Italy had experienced a century of building in the Classical architectural vocabulary revived in the Renaissance and seen as the finite evidence of a new Golden Age of learning and refinement.

The Renaissance had then overtaken Europe, overturning a system of culture that, prior to the advent of printing, was almost entirely focused on the Church and was perceived, in retrospect, as a period of ignorance and superstition. Hence, François Rabelais, also of the 16th century, imagines an inscription over the door of his Utopian Abbey of Thélème, "Here enter no hypocrites, bigots..." slipping in a slighting reference to "Gotz" and "Ostrogotz." ["Gotz" is rendered as "Huns" in Thomas Urquhart's English translation.]

In English 17th-century usage, "Goth" was an equivalent of "vandal", a savage despoiler with a Germanic heritage and so came to be applied to the architectural styles of northern Europe from before the revival of classical types of architecture.

According to a 19th-century correspondent in the London Journal "Notes and Queries":

    There can be no doubt that the term 'Gothic' as applied to pointed styles of ecclesiastical architecture was used at first contemptuously, and in derision, by those who were ambitious to imitate and revive the Grecian orders of architecture, after the revival of classical literature. Authorities such as Christopher Wren lent their aid in deprecating the old mediæval style, which they termed Gothic, as synonymous with every thing that was barbarous and rude. ["Notes and Queries", No. 9. December 29, 1849] [Christopher Wren, 17th-century architect of St. Paul's Cathedral.]

On 21 July 1710, the Académie d'Architecture met in Paris, and among the subjects they discussed, the assembled company noted the new fashions of bowed and cusped arches on chimneypieces being employed "to finish the top of their openings. The Company disapproved of several of these new manners, which are defective and which belong for the most part to the Gothic." ["pour terminer le haut de leurs ouvertures. La Compagnie a désapprové plusieurs de ces nouvelles manières, qui sont défectueuses et qui tiennent la plupart du gothique." Quoted in Fiske Kimball, "The Creation of the Rococo", 1943, p 66.]

[Anonymous]

JJ is so important he gets his very own moon crater!

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/544249

Scaliger (crater)

lunar crater data
latitude=27.1
N_or_S=S
longitude=108.9
E_or_W=E
diameter=84 km
depth="Unknown"
colong=252
eponym=Joseph J. Scaliger

Scaliger is a prominent lunar impact crater that is located in the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It is attached to the northwest rim of the Milne walled-basin, and the shared perimeter has reshaped the outer wall of Scaliger slightly, producing a straightened section along the southeast. To the west of Scaliger crater is the Lacus Solitudinis lunar mare.

The outer wall of Scaliger is somewhat polygonal in shape, especially in the southern half. The rim has not been heavily eroded by subsequent impacts, in contrast to the heavily worn Milne crater to the southeast. The inner wall of the Scaliger crater rim displays s, and a notable outer rampart overlaying the floor of Milne. The interior floor of Scaliger is relatively flat, with a rough surface near the inner wall. Near the mid-point is a central peak, offset slight to the east.

atellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater mid-point that is closest to Scaliger crater.

[Anonymous]

House of Scaliger

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/481936

After the Scaligeri had been ousted, a member of the family, Giulio Cesare della Scala, made a reputation as a humanist poet.

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/2537288

Humanism

Humanism is a broad category of ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appealing to universal human qualities, particularly rationality. [ cite book
title=Compact Oxford English Dictionary
publisher=Oxford University Press
date=2007
quote=humanism "n." 1 a rationalistic system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. 2 a Renaissance cultural movement which turned away from medieval scholastic-ism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought.
publicationyear = 2007This article handles sense 1. See history section and main article Renaissance Humanism for sense 2.] [cite book
title=Collins Concise Dictionary
publisher=HarperCollins
date=1999
quote=The rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts. |publicationyear = 1990.] It is a component of a variety of more specific philosophical systems and is incorporated into several religious schools of thought. Humanism can be considered the process by which truth and morality is sought through human investigation. In focusing on the capacity for self-determination, humanism rejects the validity of transcendental justifications, such as a dependence on belief without reason, the supernatural, or texts of allegedly divine origin. Humanists endorse universal morality based on the commonality of the human condition, suggesting that solutions to human social and cultural problems cannot be parochial. [cite web
title=Definitions of humanism (subsection)
publisher=Institute for Humanist Studies
url=http://humaniststudies.org/humphil.html
accessmonthday = 16 Jan
accessyear=2007]

[Anonymous]

http://www.gutenberg.org/files/28540/28 ... 8540-h.htm

But what has a Bibliographical Romance to do with Love
and Marriage? Reader Adieu!—When thou hast nothing
better deserving of perusal before thee, take up these
pages; and class the author of them, if thou wilt,
with the Bostons, or Smiths, or Norths, of
"other times;" with those who have never
wished to disturb the peaceful haunts
of intellectual retirement; and whose
estate, moreover, like Joseph
Scaliger's, lies chiefly
under his
hat.

[Anonymous]

The Crazy world of calanders according to traditional accepted approved history

http://www.hermetic.ch/cal_stud/cal_art.html

some info on Scaliger's dating system

http://www.hermetic.ch/cal_stud/jdn.htm

2. The Julian Period
The Julian day number system is sometimes (erroneously) said to have been invented by Joseph Justus Scaliger (born 1540-08-05 JC in Agen, France, died 1609-01-21 JC in Leiden, Holland), who during his life immersed himself in Greek, Latin, Persian and Jewish literature, and who was one of the founders of the science of chronology. Scaliger's invention was not the system of Julian day numbers, but rather the so-called Julian period.

Scaliger combined three traditionally recognized temporal cycles of 28, 19 and 15 years to obtain a great cycle, the Scaliger cycle, or Julian period, of 7980 years (7980 is the least common multiple of 28, 19 and 15). According to the Encyclopedia Brittanica:

    "The length of 7,980 years was chosen as the product of 28 times 19 times 15; these, respectively, are the numbers of years in the so-called solar cycle of the Julian calendar in which dates recur on the same days of the week; the lunar or Metonic cycle, after which the phases of the Moon recur on a particular day in the solar year, or year of the seasons; and the cycle of indiction, originally a schedule of periodic taxes or government requisitions in ancient Rome."

According to some accounts Scaliger named his Julian period after his father, Julius Scaliger. However in his De Emandatione Temporum (Geneva, 1629) Scaliger says: "Julianam vocauimus, quia ad annum Julianum accommodata ..." (translated by R. L. Reese et al. (3) as "We have termed it Julian because it fits the Julian year ...").

Regarding the Julian period the U.S. Naval Observatory has this to say:

    "In the 16th century Joseph Justus Scaliger tried to resolve the patchwork of historical eras by placing everything on a single system. Not being ready to deal with negative year counts, he sought an initial epoch in advance of any historical record. His approach was numerological and utilized three calendrical cycles: the 28-year solar cycle, the 19-year cycle of Golden Numbers, and the 15-year indiction cycle. The solar cycle is the period after which week days and calendar dates repeat in the Julian calendar. The cycle of Golden Numbers is the period after which moon phases repeat (approximately) on the same calendar dates. The indiction cycle was a Roman tax cycle of unknown origin. Therefore, Scaliger could characterize a year by the combination of numbers (S,G,I), where S runs from 1 through 28, G from 1 through 19, and I from 1 through 15. Scaliger first stated that a given combination would recur after 7980 (= 28 x 19 x 15) years. He called this a Julian cycle because it was based on the Julian calendar. Scaliger knew that the year of Christ's birth (as determined by Dionysius Exiguus) was characterized by the number 9 of the solar cycle, by Golden Number 1, and by number 3 of the indiction cycle, or (9,1,3). Then Scaliger chose as this initial epoch the year characterized by (1,1,1) and determined that (9,1,3) was year 4713 of his chronological era [and thus that year (1,1,1) was 4713 B.C]. Scaliger's initial epoch was later to be adopted as the initial epoch for the Julian day numbers." — The 21st Century and the 3rd Millennium

It turns out, however, that the Julian period was discovered by others before Scaliger. Roger, Bishop of Hereford, discusses the three cycles used by Scaliger in his Compotus (written in 1176 CE) and states that "these three ... do not come together at one point for 7980 years" (see (5)), although he does not identify the year (4713 B.C.) of their coincidence. Furthermore, according to R. L. Reese et al. (6):

    "A 12th-century manuscript indicates that the 7980-year period was used explicitly for calendrical purposes by an earlier Bishop of Hereford, Robert de Losinga, in the year A.D. 1086, almost a century before the Bishop of Hereford named Roger. ... Robert de Losinga combines the solar, lunar and indiction cycles into a "great cycle [magnum ciclum]" of 7980 years ... Thus the manuscript by Robert de Losinga places the earliest known use of the Julian period in the year A.D. 1086."

The first Julian period began with Year 1 on -4712-01-01 JC (Julian Calendar) and will end after 7980 years on 3267-12-31 JC, which is 3268-01-22 GC (Gregorian Calendar). 3268-01-01 JC is the first day of Year 1 of the next Julian period.

3. Julian Day Number
Although Joseph Justus Scaliger was, as noted above, one of the founders of the science of chronology, he did not invent the Julian day number system. Its inventor was the astronomer John W. F. Herschel. Lance Latham writes:

    "It remained, however, for the astronomer John F. Herschel to turn this idea [of Scaliger's] into a complete time system, rather than a method of relating years. In 1849, Herschel published Outlines of Astronomy and explained the idea of extending Scaliger's concept to days." — The Standard C Date/Time Library, p.42.

Following Herschel's lead astronomers adopted this system and took noon GMT -4712-01-01 JC (January 1st, 4713 B.C.) as their zero point. (Note that 4713 B.C. is the year -4712 according to the astronomical year numbering.) For astronomers a "day" begins at noon (GMT) and runs until the next noon (so that the nighttime falls conveniently within one "day", unless they are making their observations in a place such as Australia). Thus they defined the Julian day number of a day as the number of days elapsed since noon GMT on January 1st, 4713 B.C., in the Proleptic Julian Calendar.

Thus the Julian day number of -4712-01-01 is 0. The Julian day number of 1996-03-31 CE (Common Era) is 2,450,174 — meaning that on 1996-03-31 CE 2,450,174 days had elapsed since -4712-01-01 JC.

Actually "day" here means a day and a night. Calendricists have a word for a day and a night, namely, "nychthemeron". Generally when calendricists use the term "days" they are talking of nychthemerons.

In most calendars the calendar date changes at midnight. In these calendars a nychthemeron is the period from one midnight to the next. For astronomers, however, a nychthemeron runs, not from midnight to midnight, but from noon to noon. And in some calendars, e.g., the Jewish Calendar, a nychthemeron runs from sunset to sunset. Thus a nychthemeron simply means a day and a night, and cannot be more precisely defined except with respect to some particular calendar or class of calendars.

The Julian day number is a count of nychthemerons elapsed since some particular nychthemeron. Thus there are slight variations on the Julian day number system depending on which kind of nychthemeron is being counted, as we shall see below.

[Anonymous]

anyone have a copy?

Twelfth-century origins of the 7980-year Julian Period
American Journal of Physics -- January 1983 -- Volume 51, Issue 1, pp. 73-73
Issue Date: January 1983

http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet ... s&gifs=yes

and this one

New evidence concerning the origin of the Julian period
American Journal of Physics -- November 1991 -- Volume 59, Issue 11, pp. 1043-1043
Issue Date: November 1991

http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet ... s&gifs=yes

[Anonymous]

The creationist debate

[Anonymous]

Joseph Scaliger: A Study in the History of Classical Scholarship, vol. 2: Historical Chronology.

http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Joseph+Sc ... a018881438"

With this volume Anthony Grafton completes, after a decade's work, his intellectual biography of Joseph Scaliger. The new volume is huge and complex, covering a wide variety of mostly unfamiliar materials, often highly technical and at the time deeply controversial. It is packed with detail of textual exegesis exegesis

Scholarly interpretation of religious texts, using linguistic, historical, and other methods. In Judaism and Christianity, it has been used extensively in the study of the Bible. Textual criticism tries to establish the accuracy of biblical texts.
..... Click the link for more information. and its local battles, with the unedifying Adj. 1. unedifying - not edifying
unenlightening

edifying, enlightening - enlightening or uplifting so as to encourage intellectual or moral improvement; "the paintings in the church served an edifying purpose even for those who could not read"  passions of contemporary quarrel, with analyses of calendars, dating, and chronological calculus calculus, branch of mathematics that studies continuously changing quantities. The calculus is characterized by the use of infinite processes, involving passage to a limit—the notion of tending toward, or approaching, an ultimate value.
..... Click the link for more information., and worth the often yet more technical disputes over matters astronomical and astrological as·trol·o·gy  
n.
1. The study of the positions and aspects of celestial bodies in the belief that they have an influence on the course of natural earthly occurrences and human affairs.

2. Obsolete Astronomy.
..... Click the link for more information.. Pleasures are sometimes antiquarian an·ti·quar·i·an  
n.
One who studies, collects, or deals in antiquities.

adj.
1. Of or relating to antiquarians or to the study or collecting of antiquities.

2. Dealing in or having to do with old or rare books.
..... Click the link for more information.: corrected computations, new textual datings, novel associations. But at issue is a main step on the bridge to modernity, from a sense of humanity as a "whole" and continuity within a time of limited span, however obscurely grasped, to that of a fragmented humankind, defined by variety and contrast, erring in a time and space whose bounds could not be fixed. The first supposes a single overarching o·ver·arch·ing  
adj.
1. Forming an arch overhead or above: overarching branches.

2. Extending over or throughout: "I am not sure whether the missing ingredient . . .  historical knowledge -- a "wisdom of the ages." The second imposes a series of separate knowings, whose unity might be hard to grasp.

Scaliger was working toward the first in his vast Opus novum de emendatione temporum (1583). This came after twenty years' work on the more typical humanist project of discovering, editing, and commenting on the writings of Greek and Roman Antiquity. It was these projects that by the late 1570s forced him to treat chronology and history. He was now interested too in ancient (and modern) rituals, problems of world history, growingly urgent disputes over national origins, and such. The Emendatio was a technical treatise comparing many calendars and temporal cycles: Greek, Babylonian, Jewish, Arabic, Saxon, Egyptian, Roman, Christian and others (145-357). With its "errors, forced readings, and misinterpretations," it "opened up a richer body of texts and a wider range of questions to apply to them than any previous work or group of works" (177). Still, his calculations were criticized by Kepler, Tycho, Clavius, and others. More or less politely, all showed his incompetence in mathematics, so that even as he provided a frame for calculating firm datings and outlined a still surviving "research programme for chronology and a disciplinary history" underpinning it (253), he revealed how breaks were opening between disciplines.

Between 1583 and 1593, when he took Lipsius's place at Leiden, Scaliger was much affected by the French civil wars, although the enforced desultoriness des·ul·to·ry  
adj.
1. Moving or jumping from one thing to another; disconnected: a desultory speech.

2. Occurring haphazardly; random. See Synonyms at chance.  of his reading did lead to later expansion of earlier works, notably with materials on China and Meso-America in the Emendatio's second edition of 1598 (394-459). Before this, in 1594, he printed "solutions" to three problems that had puzzled geometers from Antiquity: squaring the circle, finding proportional means between lines, and trisecting an angle (378). Having couched these as a challenge to working mathematicians, despite his lack of expertise, he invited universally hostile reaction. Henry Savile Notable people named Henry Savile include:

    * Henry Savile (Bible translator)
    * Henry Savile (politician)

 concluded that he neither knew geometry nor how to use method (382-83). Even so, for the Emendatio's second edition he benefitted both from positive criticism by Arabists and Hebraists and from Tycho's friendly technical corrections (469-77). Aside from one more foray into Verb 1. foray into - enter someone else's territory and take spoils; "The pirates raided the coastal villages regularly"
raid

encroach upon, intrude on, obtrude upon, invade - to intrude upon, infringe, encroach on, violate; "This new colleague invades my  matters scientific (not printed in his lifetime), Scaliger now concentrated his last attack on the historical sources, at last realizing the deficiency of his command of scientific methods, and understanding that the virtues of historical knowledge were different from the natural philosophical ones of rationally regulated analysis.

His vast subject-indexes to the new Corpus inscriptionum, the first of their kind, appeared in 1602. He was also preparing his Thesaurus temporum (1606), centered on a new edition of Eusebius's Chronicles not from Jerome but reconstructed from a manuscript of Syncellus's Greek Chronicon Paschale Chronicon Paschale ("the Paschal Chronicle, also Chronicum Alexandrinum or Constantinopolitanum, or Fasti Siculi ) is the conventional name of a 7th-century Byzantine universal chronicle of the world.  (514-743). To achieve this Scaliger had to demonstrate for the first time how to understand and derive a manuscript tradition, provide a stemma stem·ma  
n. pl. stem·ma·ta or stem·mas
1. A scroll recording the genealogy of an ancient Roman family; a family tree.

2. The genealogy of the manuscripts of a literary work.

3. , grasp a developmental chronology, and explain differences (519-27). Just so, making his indexes for the Corpus, he had created "one of the most powerful tools for information-retrieval that classical scholars had until the twentieth century" (505). However ambiguous his own editorial results, these were basic achievements in critical and philological phi·lol·o·gy  
n.
1. Literary study or classical scholarship.

2. See historical linguistics.


[Middle English philologie, from Latin philologia, love of learning
..... Click the link for more information. methodology which were to remain essentially stable for 400 years. In his own case, they grounded a kind of encyclopedia of world history The Encyclopedia of World History is a classic single volume work detailing world history. The first through fifth edition were edited by William L. Langer.

The Sixth Edition was—by the time of its publication—a much needed updating overseen by Peter N.
..... Click the link for more information.. He was able to show that certain major received texts were forgeries, but also that this did not mean that all their material was necessarily to be rejected. He showed what material was genuine and what was not by comparing many different sources against one another. To do that required the editorial and textual certainties that his new methods were seeking to establish. He knew his world history was not finished, and that he could not make it so. It now needed new ways of analyzing and knowing, in combinations that perhaps no one person could any longer hope to control. He (and others) had lost hope of compiling an explanatory history of humanity. Separate professional and ever more mutually closed sciences had begun going their way, and what hope of unity remained would be judged to lie not in universal history but in the powers of human reason.

By inventing methods for the scientific editing of manuscripts and texts, rules for explaining differences and making comparisons and ways for enabling retrieval of materials, and by insisting that any document, Old and New Testaments included, was fodder for exegesis, meriting regard only as verified by other sources -- Scaliger created basic techniques of historiographical research. He defined a field according to according to
prep.
1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians.

2. In keeping with: according to instructions.

3.  the rules and expectations of its study, making it coherent in its claims and goals. This may have happened because his experience showed the need to split areas of competence. In natural scientific observation and mathematics, he had to trust others' expertise, just as others -- such as Tycho -- had to trust the expertise he wielded over his own realm. A new scholarly community might have been born: one that did not assume a sharing of like expertise, but carried a mix and exchange of diverse ones: Tychonic astronomy putting its scientific rules and data at the service of Scaligerian textual analysis. This book is an exemplar ex·em·plar  
n.
1. One that is worthy of imitation; a model. See Synonyms at ideal.

2. One that is typical or representative; an example.

3. An ideal that serves as a pattern; an archetype.

4.
..... Click the link for more information. -- a fine "archeology" of the humanist enterprise in its textual and "scientific" embodiments.

[Anonymous]

History of Scholarship

[sullivan]

The strange crest on the Scaliger Castle

Jacob's Ladder or pyramid missing cap stone?

A and A - Apollo and Athena - Much like the writing of shakespere or the spear shakers?

http://theinfounderground.com/ftp/savag ... rmione.jpg

The ladder appears to be suggestive of the surname, which is a derivative of the Italian for ladder - 'scala'.

[Anonymous]

The ladder appears to be suggestive of the surname, which is a derivative of the Italian for ladder - 'scala'.

Thanks Sulli

their names seem to have many versions

della scalla
scaligeri
scala

I had thought the name reminded me of scale as in measurement.

[Anonymous]

http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag196b4/n/scaliger2_jpg

http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag196b7/n/scaliger3_jpg

from
Cultures of scholarship

[Anonymous]

Scaliger had a Jew

Leiden University:
An honourable past
Leiden University, the oldest university
of the Netherlands, was founded in 1575,
in the midst of the Dutch Revolt, the
Eighty Years'War for independence from
Spain. From the very beginning it had a
professorship in Hebrew and Aramaic.
The first Jewish students entered around
1650. As early as 1599, the great historian
Joseph Scaliger had a Jew, Philippus
Ferdinandus, as his teacher in Talmudic
literature at the University.
Scaliger bequeathed to the University
Library a manuscript of the Jerusalem
Talmud, the only one that is preserved
more or less complete. It served as the
basis for the first printed edition, and
thus for all other printed editions of the
Talmud. From 1660 to 1663 Spinoza
lived and worked in a village near Leiden.
Scaliger and Lipsius, Grotius and
Boerhaave, Lorentz and Einstein: Leiden
has seen quite a few famous scholars
among its faculty and students.

http://www.campagnevoorleiden.leidenuni ... dendom.pdf

[Anonymous]

http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag19640/n/scaliger4_jpg

Restoring the temple

[Anonymous]

page 3

Thanks Mr. Scaliger

http://www.houseofdavid.ca/sam_1red.pdf

[Anonymous]

Denis Pétau

(DIONYSIUS PETAVIUS)

Pétau had inserted some masterly dissertations on chronology; in 1627 he brought out his "De doctrina temporum", and later the "Tabulæ chronologicæ" (1628, 1629, 1633, 1657). It surpassed Scaliger's "De Emendatione temporum" (Paris, 1583), and prepared the ground for the works of the Benedictines.

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11743a.htm

[sullivan]

their names seem to have many versions

della scalla
scaligeri
scala

I had thought the name reminded me of scale as in measurement.

It is the same as musical scale, hence the name of the famous Opera house. For weighing, the word is bilancia.

It is quite likely some ancestors of the scaligeri family were royal vassals who captured cities by scaling their walls.

[LatinAmericanview]

Escala  means ladder in Spanish.  What I find interesting is the use of JJ Scaliger as head dis-informationalist. The Scaliger family is dispossessed from their lands and titles. The only surviving family member goes to France  to make a living.  He eventually makes it by his fame as a doctor. One of his kids goes to work for a powerful house in France creating the official time line for world history. The rest is history