The Michelson-Morley experiment...

[jai_mann]

So this experiment (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelson%E2%80%93Morley_experiment) which supposedly indicated that there was no ether drift on the horizontal plane turns out to have been conducted by a Jew. Michelson was jewish http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Michelson. This single experiment is what controlled academic physics used as an excuse to stop open inquiry into the nature of aether, which had already been experimentally demonstrated by a number of scientists, foremost being Nikola Tesla. This sham of an experimental study, carried out in a basement, is what was used to support the plagiarist Einstein, over what Nikola Tesla had already demonstrated before the Royal Society in England and elsewhere. Here's a modern replication, and extension, of the Michelson-Morley experiment (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T0d7o8X2-E). Please note, there is an aether, and that which has been pushed in the physics departments is utter bunk. The sooner this is acknowledged, the sooner legions of independent researchers can pick up where Tesla left off and make the sea of energy around us, perform useful work with COP's >1, just as ANY windmill, solar panel, hydroelectric dam, etc. But instead of the higher order mechanisms that we are used to, wind, sun rays, water, we will be tapping directly into aetheric streams( AKA neutrino's and possibly other sets of subatomic particles). Some of us are already doing this and attempting to figure out how best to configure electronic devices but it would be great to pull in more researchers, as the process will go more rapidly with more minds focused on the questions involved.

No one in their right mind should continue to support and believe in the fraud in modern physics which denies an ether, in motion.

[CrackSmokeRepublican]

Hey Jai-man,

Found this a pretty interesting read on the M.M. Experiment:

http://www.spaceandmotion.com/Physics-M ... Morley.htm

[kolnidre]

Thanks for the post, links and thoughts. I was just having a discussion with a friend two nights ago about the fraud of modern science in general and physics in particular. By defining the parameters perception of reality can be controlled. This is, of course, Tikkun Olam in action. Will forward my friend the links as well.

[jai_mann]

Thanks for the responses all. CSR, I checked out your link. The funny thing is that the nobel laureate(?) didn't either realize, or come right out, and say that there is an intentional mechanism in place to prevent certain knowledge from spreading. At least from what I read he didn't say that. Thankfully he shared his experience though, which should be more than enough to raise specific questions for any logical individual. I couldn't find any thing about Dayton Miller on his website, although it was late and I might not have looked well enough. Miller was able to experimentally demonstrate that even the horizontal plane has ether drift, albeit at a much lower rate than the vertical, as demonstrated by this brilliant german student. He mentions some of Tesla's work but he clearly isn't familiar with the nitty gritty details.

The electricity that we are familiar with is not a single phenomenon, it is a multi-phenomenon. Charge carriers (electrons) can be segregated from the electro-dynamic field (frequently called electro-static, but I realize at this point that that is incorrect). The latter is aether, and in segregated forms you get very different traits.

He has described relatively well the nature of the problems associated with the whole "free energy" movement, which includes charlatans and intentional liars/obfuscators. Tesla had every thing nailed down in terms of comprehending the nature of the universe, matter and energy. He wouldn't have had so many successful experimental demonstrations if he didn't have incredible comprehension skills.

I'm hoping that this year is the year that a useful, cheap means of replicating his super efficient high frequency current patents will occur. There's a few out there like the imhotep circuit, but I don't think even that circuit meets the minimum required parameters stated by Tesla (15Khz @ 20KV, as each approaches infinity the efficiency increases. Think in terms of calculus. Smaller and smaller time windows under the area of the curve give a more accurate sampling of that area.)

I may do my own little write up to submit some where soon, as I find there's very little written beyond a certain level of comprehension regarding Tesla's work. Radiant energy has this whole little mystery around it and actual controlling factors aren't typically stated (like the 15Khz @ 20KV parameters for one of his HF current patents). That's the stuff that will help streamline the learning process because you literally have to do a lot of digging and thinking on the issues to get beyond the wikipedia level.

I will also say this, there are a number of lesser known scientists who absolutely used methods to tap the aether, Moray, Stan Meyers, Bob Boyce (still with us but has been given cancer...his story reads like a spy novel and he's constantly attacked by incompetents and probably paid schills), Grey, etc. If one studies the available circuits from these folks, they will find certain consistent configurations which are mandatory to create the splitting of electricity into its constituent parts.

If there's an expressed interest in me putting something together, I'll actually get motivated to do it, otherwise it just cuts into time on all the other stuff I try to cram in every 24hrs.

Is it just me or wouldn't it be great to have several more hours in each day(with out needing the extra sleep to be functional during them)?

[jai_mann]

This sign gives some interesting details regarding the fraud the jew, Michelson, conducted to buttress the fiction promoted by the media, represented in Einstein. Einstein's role as a supposed brilliant physicist was nothing more than to help conceal the plethora of EMPIRICAL evidence of the aether, as provided by the gentile Nikola Tesla in all of his high frequency current patents (namely #462,418, #454,622) and his un-patented work.

When in doubt, determine if jews are involved...if so, then perversion is guaranteed.

**Make note of the last sentence on that sign. AMAZING! This jew was the first American to receive the nobel prize. The nobel prize giving group is nothing more than a political organ which helps to reinforce jewish/masonic lies by creating fanfare and handing out awards for BIG LIES. And the STUPID public buys them all hook, line, and sinker!

[CrackSmokeRepublican]

That sign reveals way too much... Jai-mann..

I found this article which is pretty good and reveals a lot on Tesla's view of Einstein's Relativity Theory. I think Tesla didn't hold Jewish Physics in very high regard at all despite Einstein's and M.M.'s publications for which Tesla was attacked and ignored as time went on by the Jewish press.

-------

http://vectorpub.com/CH2-3.htm

CHAPTER TWO:

Nikola Tesla

 
It is very rare in history that one man can affect the lives of so many of his fellow man; there have only been two such men, in our judgment during the last one thousand years.  The first was Sir Isaac Newton, the father of classical mechanics and one of the principal developers of calculus.1 The other is Nikola Tesla.  The time span of his work covered from the early 1880's to 1943, when he died a poor man.  Many scientists were very jealous of him because of his unmatched insight and scientific ability.  He did not believe that Einstein's Theory of Relativity was in any way correct.

He said, during a speech to the Institute of Immigrant Welfare (May 12, 1938): "There is no energy in matter other than that received from the environment." At other times, he also stated, "Atomic power is an illusion." (1-p250) He felt this because during his experiments using currents of several million volts, he stated that he had smashed untold billions of atoms without having any thermal nuclear reaction or any emission of energy coming from these experiments. (The other was a German mathematician by the name of Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz who also discovered calculus at about the same time as Newton, but independently.)  He said, principally something very similar to what we theorize.  He envisioned this energy to be similar to the old theory of the existence of the "ether." (The "ether" theory is discussed in the chapter on magnetism.) Although he never visual­ized existence the way we theorize it, he had experimented and worked long enough with high voltage and high frequency devices to intuitively know that there was something interrelated with mat­ter that gave it its energy.  We are not saying that we believe in any way in the "ether" theory; we just wish to point out that many great minds in science intuitively felt there was something inter­related with matter that could not be seen or readily detected.

Since Tesla believed in the "ether" theory, after 1905, when Einstein's special theory of relativity was published, the scientific community began to ignore him, not giving him credit for many of his inventions and theoretical discoveries.  When Einstein published his general theory of relativity, Tesla still insisted that Einstein was totally wrong and that Einstein's gravitational field theory was also completely wrong. (Tesla had his own theory of gravitation but never published it for reasons unknown.) At this time, Tesla had most of academia, including all the well-known physicists and scientists, against him.  The harsh consequence of Tesla's rejection of the theory of relativity was that he was "written out" of most of the textbooks and scientific journals of the day.  So, by the 1930s, Tesla was unknown except to a very few.

He was relegated to a life of obscurity so that the major physi­cists of academia could develop Einstein's theory of relativity, especially his general theory, without the impeccable logic of Nikola Tesla, constantly criticizing and blatantly informing them that their great idea wasn't worth the paper on which it was printed.  Combined with the fact that Tesla had made most of the major discoveries of the early part of the 20th century, years be­fore other scientists, this also instilled jealousy.  These scientists did not want it well known that their work was merely a continua­tion, or rediscovery, of Tesla's done many years earlier.  Few peo­ple were interested in giving Tesla the credit he so richly deserved.

It is not only our opinion that Tesla was a great scientific genius.  The famous English scientist, Baron William Kelvin stated: "Tesla has contributed more to electrical science than any man up to his time." (1-pl07) Another accolade was given by Mr. B. A. Behrend, Chairman of the Edison Medal Committee, American Institute of Electrical Engineers, during that Institute's presentation of the Edison Medal to Tesla in 1917.  He said:

"The due appreciation or even enumeration of the results of Mr. Tesla's invention is neither practicable nor desirable at this moment.  There is a time for all things.  Suffice it to say that, were we to seize and eliminate from our industrial world the results of Mr. Tesla's work, the wheels of industry would cease to turn, our electric cars and trains would stop, our towns would be dark, our mills would be dead and idle.  Yes, so far reaching is this work, that it has become the warp and woof of industry. . . . His name marks an epoch in the advance of electrical science.  From that work has sprung a revolution in the electrical art." (1-p236)

The best way to understand why Tesla was so great is to know what he invented and what his theoretical discoveries were.  Listed below are just some of the more important of his discoveries.  All of these discoveries and concepts were first discovered by him from 3 to 80 years before anyone else.  Many scientists received credit for these discoveries without giving Tesla any credit at all.

Year                                           Theoretical Discoveries
1890           The concept of tuned coils and tuned circuits on which all present-day electronics is based.
1890           That high frequency currents produce heat in the human body and other objects.  There is a wide range of applica­tions from this principle, one of which is our present-day microwave oven.
1892           The concept of a worldwide broadcasting system using his wireless communications system, which included the prin­ciples of tuned circuits, a ground connection, and antenna.  This system, he said, would enable the transmitting of Morse code, voice, electric power, and eventually, pictures all over the world.
1880s         Everything in the universe operated on the principle of vibrations similar to alternating current.
1899           That the earth is a good conductor of electricity, along with the upper atmosphere.
1899        That the earth is filled with a tremendous amount of elec­trical potential that could be tapped for energy.  Also, since the upper atmosphere is a good conductor of electricity, and the lower, more dense atmosphere acted as an insulator, the earth could be considered like a large capacitor. (This idea is a very important one, covered in depth in the sec­tion on gravity.)
1892        That the sun worked on the same principle as his one-wire, high-frequency incandescent lamp.  He stated that the sun is like an incandescent body that carried a high voltage charge, which would in turn emit large showers of small particles into space at high velocities carrying a large charge. (This idea is covered in greater depth in our chapter on astronomy.)
1892        The conclusion from the previous discovery, brought him to the original discovery of cosmic rays.  He correctly theo­rized that they travel at tremendous velocities carrying great amounts of potential.  He also theorized correctly that outer space is filled with these particles from our sun and from other stars in our galaxy; that the earth is con­stantly bombarded by these particles.  He also said that when these particles hit other atoms, the atoms would shatter into pieces.  He theorized that the aurora borealis is caused by these particles from the sun.
1896        After Henri Becquerel (a French physicist) discovered that " mysterious rays" were emitted from uranium, Tesla gave his own theory of what caused this radioactivity.  He said that cosmic rays would cause this radioactivity in other elements, if they were permitted to bombard the element.  The scientific community did not believe him until 30 years later, when Doctor Robert Millikan rediscovered these rays, with all the results Tesla predicted.  Tesla re­ceived no credit for his work.
1892        He was the first to discover the existence of electrons.  He referred to them as "electrically charged atoms."
1898        He was the first to envision electronic computers.  He called them "telautomates." He felt they would "ultimately be capable of acting as if possessed of their own intelligence and their advent will create a revolution."
1880s      Various types of improved direct current, dynamos, and motors.
1888        The polyphase, alternating current dynamo.
1888        The rotating magnetic field.
1888        Various alternating current motors.
1890        Various tuned circuits.
1890        The first glass electronic vacuum tube for detecting electro­magnetic waves.
1890        The electric transformer or induction coil (the Tesla coil).
1891        Various types of voltage regulators for high voltage, high frequency currents.
1891        Fluorescent lighting.
1891        Neon bulbs.
1891        A one-wire incandescent button lamp, which produced 20 times more light than the regular incandescent light bulb.
1893        A description of the devices for his wireless communica­tions system.  The forerunner of the radio.
1891-       An atom smasher, more efficient and light-weight than any
1892        in present use today.  He called it his "molecular bombard­ment lamp."
1892        An electron microscope with one million x plus magnifica­tion.
1896-       Very efficient gas and steam turbines.
1897        First radio transmission of intelligent information using tuned circuits, the same principle we use today in our radios.
1898        A remote-controlled wireless guidance system for boats and land vehicles.
1899        The first man ever to produce 135 million volts of power.
1899        An apparatus for transmitting electrical energy without wires anywhere in the world.  This method transmitted the energy through the earth.
1934        The invention of the laser.

This last invention requires a special explanation. In Tesla's later life, he was very close-mouthed about what he had discovered, be­cause so many people had stolen his ideas, causing great distrust of everyone.  An excellent book on the life of Tesla is Prodigal Genius by John J. O'Neill.  Mr. O'Neill was a personal friend of Tesla's from about the 30's until Tesla's death.  Although Mr. O'Neill was an ardent fan of Tesla's, he was not told what this last invention was.  Tesla merely gave everyone clues of what he could do with it.  He intended that this system be used to transmit tremendous amounts of power over long distances.  He referred to this inven­tion as a "death ray" (1934).  On July 24, 1934, New York City, Tesla said that the following are some of the things that this sys­tem could do:

"Still another item which has interested me is a report from Washington in the World Telegram of July 13, 1934, to the effect that scientists doubt the death ray effects.  I am quite in agreement with these doubt­ers and probably more pessimistic in this respect than anybody else, for I speak from long experience.

Rays of the requisite energy cannot be produced, and, then again, their intensity diminishes with the square of the distance.  Not so the agent I employ, which will enable us to transmit to a distant point more energy than is possible by any other kind or ray.

We are all fallible, but as I examine the subject in the light of my present theoretical and experimental knowledge I am filled with deep convictions that I am giving to the world something far beyond the wildest dreams of inventors of all time." (1-p241) On another occasion he said that energy could be transmitted by a ray or beam of infinitesimally small cross section, one hundred thousandth of a centimeter in diameter.

On his birthday in 1938, he said that he could also use this death ray for interplanetary communication.  He said he was able to produce, in the dark region of the thin crescent new moon, an incandescent spot that would glow like a brilliant star so that it could be seen without the aid of a telescope.  He also stated later that this beam had a straight-line trajectory.

There is no doubt from the previous descriptions that Tesla had, indeed, invented the laser, decades before anyone else.

There was a funny result from one of the vibration experiments he was doing in 1896; the ramifications go far beyond anything that even Tesla had suspected.  He was doing a simple vibration experiment in his Houston Street laboratory in New York City.  It was a small oscillator that was big enough to be slipped into one's pocket.  This mechanical oscillator was driven by an air compressor.  The air moved a reciprocating piston through an electric coil.  In this particular experiment, he attached this oscillator firmly to one of the center beams in his laboratory.  His laboratory was on one of the upper floors.  As the oscillator started up and increased its vibrations, it transmitted these oscillations through the building to the foundation.  As the oscillations increased, an earthquake was formed in a one-mile radius from his laboratory.  Over a period of a few minutes, the shaking became so great that windows shattered, plumbing pipes broke, plaster fell from ceilings, build­ings shook.  Eventually, the oscillations reached the resonnant frequency of his building, which began shaking violently.  Once Tesla realized that his oscillator was causing the building to shake, he destroyed the oscillator and the earthquake stopped immedi­ately.  The building had shaken so badly that if Tesla had not stopped his machine, the building would have collapsed.

The phenomenon here, which no one realized at the time, is how a piston that doesn't even weigh a pound can be able to develop enough force to generate an earthquake of at least four on the Richter scale.  It is obvious that the oscillator could not have done it in this dimension.  According to our theory of multi­dimensional reality, the reason the oscillator was able to do so much damage was because it was not just oscillating itself in this dimension but it was also oscillating the information that made it up in the diehold.  When the oscillator produced the frequency (a lower harmonic) that correlated with the frequency of the infor­mation that made up that piston, it raised the potential of that information.  The domains of information started to overlap affect­ing the information that made up other objects in its vicinity.  The result, in this dimension, was that the piston caused the earth and the other buildings to oscillate.  In reality, these objects were being made to oscillate in the diehold, where all their information was in the same locality, thereby causing the earthquake.

The one lesson to be learned from Tesla's work and theories is that, if you correctly know how even a small part of existence functions, you will be able to make tremendous advancements in all fields of physics.

REFERENCES
1.             O'Neill, John J., "Prodigal Genius; The Life of Nikola Tesla," (N.Y., Ives Washburn, Inc., 1944).
Bibliography
Martin, T. C., The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla.  N.Y.: The Electrical Engineer, 1894.
Popovic, V.; et. al.: Nikola Tesla; Lectures, Patents, Articles.  Beograd, Nikola Tesla Museum, 1966.

----------------------------

CHAPTER THREE:

Magnetism and Gravity

For thousands of years, man has wondered about magnetism and gravity.  When the first man discovered the first piece of magnetite (lodestone), he must have marveled at the great magic and mystery that made that piece of magnitite point in only one direction.  Many thousands of years have passed since that first discovery; yet magnetism and gravity have still defied man's understanding.  Man has advanced scientifically, but not quite far enough to reason out the most basic ingredient of his existence.  If the foundation of our science is incomplete, then the theories, assumptions, and laws that follow will also be incomplete.  This condition will not last forever because eventually science comes to a dead-end.  This hap­pens when the powers of observation catch up to and surpass the ability to explain the observations in the framework of the old philosophy.  Man has come to this stage in his development, and he is seeing things in the fields of astronomy and nuclear physics that just can't be explained by using Einstein's theory of relativity and field theory.

The subject of gravity was first quantified by Sir Isaac Newton. Newton looked at gravity as one of many possible forces of nature.

He considered inertia as the fundamental part of nature, thus it was far more important to classical mechanics than gravity or mag­netism.  Classical mechanics worked well as long as the relative speeds between two objects were not too great.  Astronomers were able to approximate the speeds and distances of planets using Newton's theories.  Engineers were able to design machines and buildings using classical mechanics and found it worked well.  Then came electricity, which moved at the speed of light (depending on the medium), and classical mechanics started to fall apart.  Men like Michael Faraday, Denis Poisson, Karl Gauss, Wilhelm Weber, James Maxwell, and later Nikola Tesla experimented with elec­tricity and dynamos observing that there was an interrelationship between current and magnetism.  This magnetic field encircled a conductor and was propagated perpendicular to the flow of cur­rent.  It was also observed that a conductor passing perpendicular to a magnetic field would develop a current to be induced through the wire.  Yet, none of the scientists could explain why a magnetic field could induce such a current.  Before Maxwell, scientists en­visioned magnetism as a fluid in the ether.  This fluid collected at the ends of an iron bar when it was "magnetized." Through the works of Weber and Poisson, it was then visualized as "magnetic matter" that was strictly confined to the molecules.  These mole­cules were always magnetized inside the iron bar, but they were randomly arranged.  When the bar was magnetized, by using another magnetic or electric coil, these magnetic molecules lined up, there­by creating a magnet.  This is similar to what is envisioned today. (4-p79)

Next we will go into the examples Maxwell used to develop his elementary theory of magnetism and electromagnetism.  We will first describe the observation or the traditional explanation.  We will then give our explanation using the theory of multidimensional reality.  The reason we must cover this material is because Einstein, in 1905, referred in his special theory of relativity to Maxwell and Lorentz's theory of electromagnetic phenomena.  He said, "Thus all facts of experience which support the electromagnetic theory also support the theory of relativity." (1-p49) Therefore, if Max­well was wrong in his conclusions, then Einstein's theory of rela­tivity is in big trouble.  When the early scientists were investigating magnetism and gravity, they were faced with a basic problem.  They could see the effects of magnetism, but they could not see what caused those effects.  So what developed was that they had to try to recreate magnetic fields.  They were able to do so by using electric current through a conductor; the effect is called electro­magnetism.  The logic was that if you could duplicate the magnetic field and vary its intensity, you could then get some insight as to what regular magnetism is and, maybe, finally, gravity.  We will first cover bar magnets and what forms the magnetic field.  This is not the order that Maxwell used because scientists could not understand where this field came from.  Maxwell said:

"The action of magnets at a distance is perfectly identical with that of electric currents.  We therefore endeavour to trace both to the same cause, and since we cannot explain electric currents by means of mag­nets, we must adopt the other alternative, and explain magnets by means of molecular electric currents." (4-p275)

So as we can see, he started out with the wrong assumption, thereby making his conclusions destined to be wrong.

Bar Magnets

Traditional explanation-(Weber's theory)

"Weber's theory differs from this in assuming that the molecules of the iron are always magnets, even before the application of the magnetizing force, but that in ordinary iron the magnetic axes of the molecules are turned indifferently in every direction, so that the iron as a whole ex­hibits no magnetic properties." (4-p79) (Figure 3.1)

UNMAGNETIZED IRON BAR                                            MAGNETIZED IRON BAR

Figure 3.1 Drawing of a magnetized bar and a nonmagnetized bar

It was also concluded later that there were two different kinds of magnetism: one caused by the freely moving particles in electricity, while the other type was non-freely moving magnetized particles which were separated by a small distance.  If these molecules were forced to line up, they would form a bar magnet.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

The first question to be asked is how many elements can be mag­netized? The answer is: only one, the element iron.  If Weber's theory was completely correct, then it must be assumed that all materials can be made into magnets.  In fact, there are only three other elements that will even be attracted by a magnetic field: oxygen (the second strongest element), sodium and aluminum-to a much lesser degree. (2-p354) So we must conclude that there is something very special about iron for it to become a magnet.  What it is, is that the frequency of the information that makes up iron is a close harmonic to the carrier wave frequency.

What happens when you force the atoms of iron to line up? We are forcing the information that makes it up to modulate in pre­dominantly two directions (180' out of phase).  Normally, the signal would modulate 360' around the object; but when we "magnetize" it, we have rearranged the information in the die­hold to be directed toward the poles.

The Relationship of North and South Poles

Traditional explanation-Since each molecule has its own north and south poles which form chains of molecules within the magnet, the reason that molecules A and B (Figure 3.1) are not repelled away from each other, within the magnet, is because these con­nected chains of magnetic dipole molecules compensate each other in the interior but end up as opposite poles at the ends. (3-pl69)

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

The reason opposite poles attract is because those two parts of the information frequency are 180' out of phase.  Therefore, they can occupy the same time and space.  When these two fre­quencies combine they form the information that makes up that iron molecule or magnet.  Therefore, they are attracted together because the coordinates for their modulation are in the same time and space.

The reason like poles repel each other is that these two fre­quencies are the same information.  Therefore, they are in phase with each other and cannot occupy the same time and space, thus formulating another rule of the diehold: the diehold must keep like domains of information from occupying the same time and space, or else a "tear" might develop in that part of the universe, rendering that segment unstable.

Alterations of a Magnetic Bar

The permanent magnetism of an iron bar increases when it is extended and diminishes when it is compressed. (4-p92) There is no traditional explanation for this phenomenon.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

When the magnetic bar is at rest, there is a fixed amount of information directed at the two ends.  This amount of information remains constant as long as the mass of the bar remains the same.  The field strength of its information is proportional to the amount of area of the two ends.  As the bar is mechanically extended, the mass of the bar remains constant, but the area of the ends becomes smaller.  If the ends become smaller, the same amount of informa­tion must be directed through a smaller area.  The result is that the field intensity becomes greater.  When the bar magnet is compressed, the reverse happens.  The area of the ends becomes greater, so the same amount of information is directed through a larger opening thereby decreasing the intensity.

The same effect is found when an iron bar is placed in the center of an electrical coil.  The iron bar becomes lengthened when the current passes through the coil setting up a magnetic field as illus­trated (Figure 3.2). The effect of this is that the information that makes up the bar is even more restricted to only two paths.  The information that might have been directed toward the middle of the bar can now enter only through the ends.  This increases the intensity of the field at the ends.  This, combined with the magnetic field of the coil concentrated along the center, focuses the information of the bar to a smaller area thereby forcing the bar to elongate.

ELECTRIC COIL

MAGNETIC FIELD

IRON BAR
Figure 3.2 Iron bar in a coil

 
Electromagnetism

One of the first observations made by scientists was that if a cur­rent is passed through a wire, a magnetic field appears perpendicu­lar to the flow of current.  The magnetic field strength is propor­tional to the amount of current passing through the wire.  This magnetic field is thought by scientists to be a state of stress in the conductor.  To quote Maxwell:

"In explaining the electromagnetic force by means of a state of stress in a medium, we are only following out the conception of Faraday, that the lines of magnetic force tend to shorten themselves, and that they repel each other when placed side by side.  All that we have done is to express the value of the tension along the lines, and the pressure at right angles to them, in mathematical language, and to prove that the state of stress thus assumed to exist in the medium will actually produce the observed forces on the conductors which carry electric currents.

We have asserted nothing as yet with respect to the mode in which this state of stress is originated and maintained in the medium.  We have merely shown that it is possible to conceive the mutual action of elec­tric currents to depend on a particular kind of stress in the surrounding medium instead of being a direct and immediate action at a distance." (4-p282)

Faraday also discovered that the current traveled along the surface of the wire; and the interior remained relatively free.  It was also discovered that the speed of the current was the speed of light.  The French physicist, Andre Ampere theorized that magnetism was to be explained by the means of electric currents.  These cur­rents must circulate within molecules of a magnet similar to the current passing through a wire.  This led scientists to the idea that magnetism is an effect of moving electrons.  Maxwell continued the mistake by concluding that a displacement current, just like a con­duction current, produces a magnetic field.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

We must ask ourselves the first most important question.  What comes first, the magnetic field or the current? The answer is the magnetic field because per our theory, the magnetic field is the information that makes up that object.  Therefore, in order for the electrons to exist, the information must first be present to form their existence.  This theory is proved by the phenomenon of a back electromotive force-also known as self-inductance-that is present in a coil when the current is switched on (Figure 3.3).

The delay in the current from reaching maximum is due to the fact that the information that makes up the electrons must first be modulated into existence.  This self-inductance or magnetic field of the copper wire does not come from the copper, since copper cannot itself become a magnet.  In fact, it is repelled by a strong magnetic field.  Since we have come to the realization that the back electromotive force is due to the information that makes up the electrons, then we would expect that the increase and decay of current density would be an exponential function of time.  It is a well-proven fact that these are exponential functions, just like the charging and discharging of capacitors.

The next observation to be covered is why does the magnetic field appear perpendicular to the flow of current? This is because EL is the magnetic field formed in the coil, in the opposite direction to the flow of current.  ER and I is the resistance in ohms and the current density.  This graph also describes a capacitor charging up.
Figure 3.3 Graph depicting the charging of a capacitor

the magnetic field is 90' out of phase from the electric charge.  In other words, the magnetic field cannot exist at the same time and space as the electrical charge.  This means that at one small moment of time, just the magnetic field exists by itself.  In the next moment of time, only the electrical charge exists.  We theorize this fre­quency is to be found between 1,500 and 3,000 GHz (billions of cycles per second) or just under the infrared frequency.

The next point to be explained is why the electric current flows only along the surface of the conductor.  The reason is because the surface of the wire is where the actual edge of the domains of information exist for the wire.  On the surface is where the greatest magnetic intensity or information modulation of the signal exists, thereby causing the greatest amounts of surface potential, even without any external current added.  This idea will be further proved in the chapter on light.

The reason why electric current travels at the speed of light (depending on the medium) is because the information that makes up that electron is passing us at the speed of light (2.997925 x 10^10 cm/sec.). Another way of saying this is that the electron is really stationary domains of potential on the tape.  As the tape head passes the information that makes us up, it passes these domains of potential at the speed of light.

The Electric Generator (The Dynamo)

Avoltage is induced in a conductor, passing perpendicular to a magnetic field (Figure 3.4).

MAGNET

s

MAGNETIC FIELD

FLOW OF CURRENT

N

Figure 3.4 Drawing of a wire passing a magnetic field

Traditional explanation-The magnetic field produces stress within the conductor, which forces the electrons in the outer ring of the atoms to move in a certain direction.  They never explained why this stress could cause this effect.

The conclusion of all this is that they don't know why a voltage is formed in a dynamo.  They could not give a logical explanation for this phenomenon, so they just went ahead and built bigger and better generators.  What they should have done was reflect, and think, logically, what is so special about a magnetic field that it can do this? If they did spend time and think about it, they might have come up with one of the most important secrets of the universe.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

Per our theory, whenever the information of any two objects pass themselves at great enough velocity, electrons will be created.  If the two objects are conductors, the electric charge will conduct along the wire.  If the electrons are formed by two non-conductors, they will form what we call static electricity.

The generator works in the following manner (Figure 3.5). This explanation is very important to the chapter on Kirlian photog­raphy.

Position A-As we observe it in this dimension, first the con­ductor is moving parallel to the magnetic field, not crossing any of the magnetic lines of information of the magnet.  The result is that no electrons are being formed.
Position B-The information that makes up the conductor is starting to cross the information that makes up the magnet.  A voltage is beginning to be formed in the conductor.
Position C-At this point, the conductor is passing perpendicular to the information that makes up the magnet.  It is passing the greatest number of lines of information on the magnet.  So the greatest amount of electrons are being formed on or near the sur­face of the conductor.  These electrons pass onto the conductor and travel to areas of less concentration of potential.  How the electrons are formed in the first dimension will be discussed a little later.
Position D-At this point, the conductor is passing less lines of information perpendicular to itself; so less electrons are being formed.
Position E-The conductor is now passing parallel to the infor­mation of the magnetic, so no lines of information are being crossed; thereby creating no electrons.
Positions F, G, & H-are similar to B, C, and D except the elec­trons flow in the opposite direction.

Getting back to Position C, where the maximum quantity of electrons are being formed, the question we must ask ourselves: Is

Top figure describes the action of a wire conductor as it revolves in a magnetic field inside a generator.  The voltage produced by such action is represented in the graph of the lower figure.
Figure 3.5

what happens in the diehold to form an electron in this dimension? To do this, we must observe what is happening when the conductor is exactly perpendicular to the magnetic field (Figure 3.6). At this position, we can say that both the magnet and the conductor are parallel and closest to each other.  The conductor is usually copper wire because of its low resistance qualities.  As mentioned earlier, copper cannot become a magnet.  This means that both signals (we could think of them as north and south) (Figure 3.7) are modu­lating to the same space and time to form the wire.  Since these signals would be modulating perpendicular to the surface of the wire, this means that half of the wire's information would be in phase with the information of the north pole of the magnet.  It would be like having two north poles opposing themselves.  As mentioned earlier in the section on bar magnets, when like infor­mation occupies the same time and space, a tear develops in the diehold.  This tear of unstable information forms small domains of potential, which in our dimension we call an electron having a certain fixed charge.  This collective charge we call voltage.

MAGNET

N

DIRECTION OF MOTION

WIRE CROSS SECTION

Figure 3.6 Close-up drawing of a wire passing a north pole in a generator

We can now summarize by saying that observed from this di­mension, one of the conditions necessary to form electrons is to have two objects passing parallel to themselves, thereby causing the information of both to be parallel to each other.  The lines of information will always be perpendicular to the plain of motion.

Magnecrystallic Phenomena

This phenomenon was first described by Julius Plucker, (4-p49) then it was further experimented with by Michael Faraday (1848).
 
Figure 3.7 Close-up of the copper wire showing the information being directed toward it

Faraday was the one to coin the expression "magnecrystallic force." What this effect is, is that certain crystals will turn on their axes and align themselves perpendicular to a magnetic field.  He worked with crystals of bismuth, antimony, and arsenic.  He found the following: "The direction of the force is in relation to the mag­netic field, axial and not equatorial." (8-p87)

"I have already stated that the magnecrystallic force does not manifest itself by attraction or repulsion, or, at least, does not cause approach or recession, but gives position only.  The law of action appears to be, that, the line or axis of MAGNECRYSTALLIC force (being the result­ant of the action of all the molecules), tends to place itself parallel, or as a tangent, to the magnetic curve or line of magnetic force, passing through the place where the crystal is situated. (8-p90)

"Thus it is evident that, in all these cases, there was a line of magne­crystallic force perpendicular to the planes of the plates, and perfectly consistent in its position and action with the force before found in the solid crystals of antimony. (8-pl02)

"Thus it seems that other bodies besides bismuth, antimony and arsenic, present magnecrystallic effects.  Amongst these are the allow of iridium and osmium, probably tellurium and titanium, and certainly the sul­phates of iron and nickel. (8-pll0)

"The magnecrystallic force appears to be very clearly distinguished from either the magnetic or diamagnetic forces, in that it causes neither approach nor recession; consisting not in attraction or repulsion, but in its giving a certain determinate position to the mass under its influence,

so that a given line in relation to the mass is brought by it into a given relation with the direction of the external magnetic power. (8-pll00)

"This force appears to me to be very strange and striking in its char­acter.  It is not polar, for there is no attraction or repulsion.  Then what is the nature of the mechanical force which turns the crystal round, or makes it affect a magnet? It is not like a turning helix of wire acted on by the lines of magnetic force for there, there is a current of electricity required, and the ring has polarity all the time and is powerfully at­tracted or repelled. (8-pl2l)

"If we suppose for a moment that the axial position is that in which the crystal is unaffected, and that it is in the oblique position that the magnecrystallic axial direction is affected and rendered polar, giving two tensions pulling the crystal round, then there ought to be attrac­tions at these times, and an obliquely presented crystal ought to be attracted by a single pole, or the nearest of two poles; but no action of this kind appears.

"Or we might suppose that the crystal is a little more apt for magnetic induction, or a little less apt for diamagnetic induction, in the direction of the magnecrystallic axis than in other directions.  But, if so, it should surely show polar attractions in the case of the magnetic bodies, as sul­phate of iron; and in the case of diamagnetic bodies, as bismuth, a difference in the degree of repulsion when presented with the magne­crystallic axis parallel and perpendicular to the lines of magnetic force; which it does not do.

"I do not remember heretofore such a case of force as the present one, where a body is brought into position only, without attraction or repulsion.

"If the power be induced, it must be like, generally, to its inducing predominants: and these are, at present, the magnetic and electric forces.  If induced, subject to the crystalline force it must show an intimate relation between it and them.  How hopeful we may be, there­fore, that the results will help to throw open the doors which may lead us to a full knowledge of these powers and the combined manner in which they dwell in the particles of matter, and exert their influence in producing the wonderful phenomena which they present!" (8-pl22)

Maxwell and other scientists after him never gave a reason why this phenomenon occurs.  It is obvious that Faraday knew he was dealing with something he could not explain by using his theories.  After Maxwell, it doesn't appear to have been mentioned by any­one, not even by Einstein.  This is because his theory of relativity

has no explanation for the aligning of objects to a magnetic field with no attraction or repulsion.

[CrackSmokeRepublican]

Interesting picture of Tesla with Nathan Stubblefield:

----------

Nathan Stubblefield

This is my research on Nathan Stubblefield.

"Hello, Rainy." - In 1892, ignorant of the wireless inventions of the past 60 years, Nathan creates an electromagnetic induction wireless telephone and demonstrates it to his friend Rainey Wells. A few years later, Nathan develops a superior wireless telephone that uses natural conduction through the earth and water.

Bob Lochte has done an enormous amount of work uncovering papers, notes and pictures, and quotes on Nathan Stubblefield. There is one puzzling thing to me about the Stubblefield device. It seems to me that Tesla is standing in one of the pictures. I have checked the references and, yes, Tesla is in the picture. Now that I understand this, it brings me to the conclusion that the waves Stubblefield   used were longitudinal in nature.

Even without Stubblefield, Marconi still wouldn't be the true inventor of radio - Nikola Tesla invented it before Marconi. Marconi, in fact, used Tesla's own patents as research materials. Tesla, in turn, was among the curious onlookers in attendance at Stubblefield's 1902 wireless demonstration in Philadelphia.



Stubblefield also developed a battery to power this system and a motor,  that we will get into later. Now around 1878  Amos Dolbear files a patent on what he called induction wireless telephone, demonstrated publicly in the us, Canada, and Europe in 1882 and 1883, patented in U.S.1886. What is amazing  to me is that the patent uses an elevated capacitance. So this is not the same as a Hertizan wave transmitter. It is very clear that the capacitance acts as the antenna and the return is using the earth as ground. The induction coil is used as a high self-inductance only, creating a very high  potential or stress in the aether.

wiss11.jpg (14256 bytes)

"Now," Tesla writes later on about the transmitter that he was developing, "I attacked vigorously the development of my magnifying transmitter, now however, not so much with the original intention of producing one of great power, as with the object of learning how to construct the best one. This is essentially, a circuit of high self-induction and small resistance ( key words coming up) which in its arrangement, mode of excitation and section and action, may be said to be the diametrical opposite of a transmitting circuit typical of telegraphy by Hertzian or electromagnetic radiations."

What Stubblefield had discovered and what he do with his system.

Stubblefield was experimenting with ground radio since 1882, but did not patent his developments until much later. Credible witnesses saw his ground radio experiments in action during this time frame, establishing the historical priority of Stubblefield. While Marconi could barely send telegraphic "dots and dash" signals with great difficulty through a static-filled medium, Nathan Stubblefield had already transmitted the human voice with loud, velvet clarity. Others would adopt and implement the Collins system (Fessenden, DeForest, Bethenod, Braun), but none could duplicate the Stubblefield System.

Nikola Tesla performed double ground experiments with impulses as early as 1892, reporting these in lectures and patenting some embodiments in 1901. Not one of these later systems ever achieved the same results of clarity, tone, and volume of Stubblefield ground telephony. Tesla apparently never discovered the true powerpoints which powered Stubblefield's device. Priority in all these arts belongs to Nathan Stubblefield alone. In addition, his was the only system in which natural energies were obtained, magnified, and entirely employed as the empowering source. All other inventors used "artificial" sources (batteries, alternators, dynamos).

induc1.jpg (33015 bytes)

Following all these ground radio demonstrations, Stubblefield researched "Magnetic Waves" and developed several systems which did not use ground terminals for exchanging signals. Long distance wireless telephone communications were his aim. Many imagined this to be radio as we know it, but several features of Stubblefield aerial are distinctive and different.

First his transmitters and receivers were telephonic, not telegraphic. In his preliminary experiments, the earth battery was used to energize an apparatus to which was connected a long horizontal aerial line. Marconi later adopted this "bent L" symmetry in conjunction with a grounded copper conduction screen. There are no photographs of these arrays, but I have hand-written manuscript copies of certain diary notes in which a progressively greater telephonic distance is reported. Nathan Stubblefield made steady progress in this form of telephonic transmission , but used neither alternators nor spark discharge.

Mr. Stubblefield reasoned that, since electrical waves traverse the whole earth, it might be possible to send signals to distant places. These ground-permeating natural electrical waves might serve as carriers for the human voice. The ground would act as both power generator and signal conductor. Like a gale carrying messages downwind, these electrical waves could bring wireless communications instantly to any part of the world.

These  transmissions were made through the ground itself and used the Stubblefield cell for power. In several photographs we see special   loud speaking telephones outfitted with (1 foot) horns, designed to act as annunciators. Calls from these annunciators brought his son Bernard to the telephone transmitter. The system was never switched off. Power was limitless and did not diminish with time of the day or length of use.


Natural observations in systems led to unexpected, theory-busting discoveries. Such an effect demonstrates that an articulate quasi-intelligent energy permeates the natural environment.... an energy of which electricity is a minor part.

Two more mysteries have lingered from this latter period of invention in the Stubblefield biography. The nature of each reveals the extent to which he had developed and advanced his new earth power technology. Nathan continued to pursue his experiments, but little was seen of him for long time periods. Alone and tired, Nathan stopped working his farm completely.

Later, Investigators entered his land area and found heavy wires leading from the roots of trees. To these wires were attached small arc lamps, hung in the trees. These were extinguished. They imagined the arc lamps to be the explanation of his hillside sunlight. Their hasty analysis proved problematic from stories which witnesses report. The warm and diffused sunlight which came from the ground itself around his house was not localized in specific lamps. The light came from the ground, not from the trees as before... a "whole hillside that would blossom with light"... "lit up like daytime". These observations indicate that Stubblefield had managed indeed the direct conversion of earth energy to light and warmth. This would acceptable, were Mr. Stubblefield simply working on a newer form of drawing electricity from the ground to light small arc-lamps; a feat which he had accomplished earlier. But  these kind persons could never find any evidence of arc-lighting or any other form of known lighting anywhere near the area. In their own words "the light seemed to come out from the ground itself".

http://johnbedini.net/john34/stubblefield.html

[CrackSmokeRepublican]

Read a little lately on Louis Essen's (Atomic Clock creator) criticism of Einstein's theories. --CSR

A Special Theory of Relativity -- a Criticism
by Louis Essen

http://www.fileden.com/files/2008/8/24/ ... -Essen.pdf

--------------------------------

RELATIVITY - Joke or Swindle?

published in ELECTRONICS & WIRELESS WORLD (Feb. 1988, p. 126 - 127)

Louis Essen re-states his view that Einstein's theory of relativity contains basic and fatal flaws.

Some of your contributors find it difficult to accept my contention (WW October, 1978) that Einstein's theory of relativity is invalidated by its internal errors. Butterfield for example (in WW February, 1987) denies that there is any duplication of units or any harm in obtaining results from thought-experiments. Moreover, if my contention is correct, the new experimental work described by Aspden (EWW, August, 1987) is not required to disprove the theory, although it might confirm that his assumptions were wrong. This is not to suggest that experimental results are not important but they should be considered as steps in the development of new theories.

Discussions about the theory tend to be very involved and your readers may be interested in a brief history of the subject which I wrote sometime ago for a friend who wanted to know what the controversy was about and in particular what was the significance of the clock paradox.

The theory was an attempt to explain the result of an experiment which had been made to measure the velocity of the earth through space. Scientists reasoned that, since light is an electromagnetic wave travelling through space with a velocity denoted by the symbol c, and the earth is travelling through space with a velocity v, it should be possible to measure v by an optical experiment carried out in the laboratory. Michelson and Morley designed and used an interferometer for this purpose. A beam of light was split into two parts which were directed along the two arms of the instrument at right angles to each other, the two beams being reflected back to recombine and form interference fringes. The instrument was turned through a right angle so that, if one of the arms was initially parallel to earth's motion, it became at right angles to this direction. It was expected that there would be a movement of the fringes, from which the velocity of the earth could be calculated, but no change at all was observed.

Fitzgerald and Lorentz pointed out that this result would be obtained if the arm of the interferometer which was moving parallel with the earth was, in consequence of this movement, reduced in length by the amount (1-v2/c2)1/2. Such an arbitrary assumption did not constitute a satisfactory explanation and scientists tried to think of a more fundamental cause.

Einstein came to the conclusion that the answer rested on the way time was measured and the simultaneity of two events was defined; and on the basis of these ideas and two additional assumptions he developed his theory, published in 1905. It was essentially the electromagnetic theory of Maxwell and Lorentz modified to incorporate the Michelson-Morley result. Later, in 1907, he extended the theory to include gravitational effects and predicted that light would be deflected as it passed near the sun. The prediction could be tested only by observing the path of the light from stars during an eclipse of the sun and in 1919 Eddington led an expedition to the island of Principe, where the eclipse was total; and when the results had been studied, announced that the prediction was confirmed. The theory was then gradually accepted, eventually being regarded as a revolution in scientific thought.

But there have always been its critics: Rutherford treated it as a joke: Soddy called it a swindle: Bertrand Russell suggested that it was all contained in the Lorentz transformation equations and many scientists commented on its contradictions. These adverse opinions, together with the fact that the small effects predicted by the theory were becoming of significance to the definition of the unit of atomic time, prompted me to study Einstein's paper. I found that it was written in imprecise language, that one assumption was in two contradictory forms and that it contained two serious errors.

The essential feature of science is its dependence on experiment. Results of experiment are expressed in terms of units, which must not be duplicated if contradictions are to be avoided and units of measurement are the only quantities which can be made constant by definition. When Einstein wrote his paper, two of the units were those of length and time. Velocity was measured in terms of these units. Einstein defined the velocity of light as a universal constant and thus broke a fundamental rule of science.

One of the predictions of the theory was that a moving clock goes more slowly than an identical stationary clock. Taking into account the basic assumption of the theory that uniform velocity is purely relative, it follows that each clock goes more slowly than the other when viewed from the position of the other. This prediction is strange but not logically impossible. Einstein then made his second mistake in the course of a thought experiment. He imagined that two clocks were initially together and that one of them moved away in a number of straight line paths at a uniform velocity, finally returning to the starting point. He concluded that on its return the moving clock was slower than the stationary clock. Moreover. since only uniform motion is involved there is no way of distinguishing between the two and each clock goes more slowly than the other. This result is known as the clock paradox or, since the clocks are sometimes likened to identical twins, one of whom ages more slowly than the other, the twin paradox.

Hundreds of thousands of words have been written about the paradox but the explanation is simple, arising from Einstein's use of the expression, "as viewed from". Clearly if the time of one clock is viewed to be slower than the other even when it has returned to the same position as the other then it must indeed be slower. But the rates of distant clocks are not compared by viewing them. Ticks from them are received and counted on a separate dial, a process now carried out continuously throughout the world for the synchronization of atomic time. It is the reading on this subsidiary dial which would be less and not that on the dial of the clock itself. If the thought experiment is carried out correctly' the result is that the time of the moving clock as measured at the position of the stationary clock is less than that of the stationary clock. This is the same as the initial prediction, which is as it should be since a thought experiment cannot give a result differing from the information put into it.

Einstein's use of a thought experiment, together with his ignorance of experimental techniques, gave a result which fooled himself and generations of scientists. He convinced himself that the theory yielded the result he wanted, because the contraction of time is accompanied by the contraction of length needed to explain the Michelson-Morley result.

The round trip could not have been made without acceleration being applied, but Einstein ignored their possible effect on the rate of the clock, thus implicitly assuming that they had no effect. Some years later, in 1918, he used another thought experiment in an attempt to answer criticisms of the paradox result. One of the clocks again made a round trip, the changes of direction being achieved by switching gravitational fields on and off at various stages of the journey, the time recorded by the moving clock was less than that recorded by the stationary clock. The result did not follow from the experiment, but was simply an assumption slipped in implicitly during the complicated procedure. The slowing down of clocks which he had previously attributed to uniform velocity, acceleration having no effect, he now attributed to acceleration, a line of argument followed in many textbooks.

Claims frequently made that the theory is supported by experimental evidence do not withstand a close scrutiny. There are grave doubts about Eddington's claim, both as regards the predicted value which was increased by a factor of 2 from that first given by Einstein and the way the results were analysed - some of the readings being discarded. The same criticism applies to a more recent experiment performed, at considerable expense, in 1972. Four atomic clocks were flown round the world and the times recorded by them were compared with the times recorded by similar clocks in Washington. The results obtained from the individual clocks differed by as much as 300 nanoseconds. This absurdly optimistic conclusion was accepted and given wide publicity in the scientific literature and by the media as a confirmation of the clock paradox. All the experiment showed was that the clocks were not sufficiently accurate to detect the small effect predicted.

Why have scientists accepted a theory which contains obvious errors and lacks any genuine experimental support?

It is a difficult question, but a number of reasons can be suggested. There is first the ambiguous language used by Einstein and the nature of his errors. Units of measurements, though of fundamental importance, are seldom discussed outside specialist circles and the errors in clock comparisons are hidden away in the thought experiments. Then there is Einstein's use of a thought experiment, together with his ignorance of experimental techniques, gave a result which fooled himself and generations of scientists the prestige of its advocates. Eddington had the full support of the Royal Astronomical Society, the Royal Society and scientific establishments throughout the world. Taking their cue from scientists, important people in other walks of life referred to it as an outstanding achievement of the human intellect. Another powerful reason for its acceptance was suggested to me by a former president of the Royal Society. He confessed that he did not understand the theory himself, not being an expert in the subject, but he thought it must be right because he had found it so useful. This is a very important requirement in any theory but it does not follow that errors in it should be ignored.

Insofar as the theory is thought to explain the result of the Michelson-Morley experiment I am inclined to agree with Soddy that it is a swindle; and I do not think Rutherford would have regarded it as a joke had he realised how it would retard the rational development of science.
Comment by Michael Roll:
   

Even though Dr. Louis Essen OBE was one of our top scientists, the inventor of the atomic clock, he was only allowed to criticise Einstein's hopelessly outdated Theory of Relativity in small-circulation papers and magazines. This article would be censored in 'Nature' magazine. The students and public are only allowed access to scientific information that is harmless to a tiny handful of powerful, scientific tyrants.

http://www.cfpf.org.uk/articles/scienti ... essen.html
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Also related to MM:
http://freespace.virgin.net/ch.thompson ... %20wind%22?

[CrackSmokeRepublican]

Einstein is now "busted" full-on with no mercy:

http://milesmathis.com/fried2.pdf

[Wimpy]

CSR, very nice find!

A simply stated and accurately proven article using basic mathematical common sense.  Brilliant conclusion;  Physicists are indoctrinated--- not taught.

Thanks again, CSR