Fake Science : ‘Ram-Pressure Stripping’ Shuts Off Star Formation in Galaxies

[rmstock]

An artist's impression showing the increasing effect of ram-pressure stripping in removing gas from the spiral galaxy NGC 4921 and its satellite galaxies.
Image credit: ICRAR / NASA / ESA / Hubble Heritage Team / STScI / AURA.
'Ram-Pressure Stripping' Shuts Off Star Formation in Galaxies, Astronomers Say
Jan 18, 2017 by News Staff / Source
http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/ram-pressure-stripping-04546.html

  "According to a new study published this week in the Monthly Notices of
   the Royal Astronomical Society, a phenomenon called ram-pressure
   stripping is more prevalent than previously thought.
   
   The study of 10,567 galaxies shows that their gas — the lifeblood for
   star formation — is being violently stripped away on a widespread scale
   throughout the local Universe.
   
   Lead author Toby Brown, an astronomer at the International Centre for
   Radio Astronomy Research and Swinburne University of Technology, and
   his colleagues used data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and
   the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey.
   
   "The image we paint as astronomers is that galaxies are embedded in
   clouds of dark matter that we call dark matter halos," Brown said.
   
   "During their lifetimes, galaxies can inhabit halos of different sizes,
   ranging from masses typical of our own Milky Way Galaxy to halos
   thousands of times more massive."
   
   "As galaxies fall through these larger halos, the superheated
   intergalactic plasma between them removes their gas in a fast-acting
   process called ram-pressure stripping."
   
   According to the team, removing the gas from galaxies leaves them
   unable to form new stars.
   
   "It dictates the life of the galaxy because the existing stars will
   cool off and grow old. If you remove the fuel for star formation then
   you effectively kill the galaxy and turn it into a dead object," Brown
   explained.
   
   [vimeo]https://vimeo.com/198928439[/vimeo]
   
   "Scientists already knew ram-pressure stripping affected galaxies in
   clusters, which are the most massive halos found in the Universe," said
   co-author Dr. Barbara Catinella, of ICRAR.
   
   "We demonstrate that the same process is operating in much smaller
   groups of just a few galaxies together with much less dark matter,"
   Brown added.
   
   "Most galaxies in the Universe live in these groups of between two and
   a hundred galaxies. We've found this removal of gas by stripping is
   potentially the dominant way galaxies are quenched by their
   surroundings, meaning their gas is removed and star formation shuts
   down."
   
   "The other main process by which galaxies run out of gas and die is
   known as strangulation."
   
   "Strangulation occurs when the gas is consumed to make stars faster
   than it's being replenished, so the galaxy starves to death. It's a
   slow-acting process," Brown said.
   
   "On the contrary, what ram-pressure stripping does is bop the galaxy on
   the head and remove its gas very quickly — of the order of tens of
   millions of years — and astronomically speaking that's very fast."
   
   _____
   
   Toby Brown et al. 2017. Cold gas stripping in satellite galaxies: from
   pairs to clusters. MNRAS 466 (2): 1275-1289; doi: 10.1093/mnras/stw2991
   
   This article is based on a press-release from the International Centre
   for Radio Astronomy Research."

 
  Cold gas stripping in satellite galaxies: from pairs to clusters
  Toby Brown, Barbara Catinella, Luca Cortese, Claudia del P.
  Lagos, Romeel Dave, Virginia Kilborn, Martha P. Haynes, Riccardo
  Giovanelli, Mika Rafieferantsoa
(Submitted on 3 Nov 2016 (v1), last revised 17 Nov 2016 (this version, v2))
  https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.00896
 
          Abstract: In this paper we investigate environment driven gas
      depletion in satellite galaxies, taking full advantage of the
      atomic hydrogen (HI) spectral stacking technique to quantify the
      gas content for the entire gas-poor to -rich regime. We do so using
      a multi-wavelength sample of 10,600 satellite galaxies, selected
      according to stellar mass (log M⋆/M⊙ ≥ 9) and redshift (0.02 ≤ z ≤
      0.05) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, with HI data from the
      Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey. Using key HI-to-stellar
      mass scaling relations, we present evidence that the gas content of
      satellite galaxies is, to a significant extent, dependent on the
      environment in which a galaxy resides. For the first time, we
      demonstrate that systematic environmental suppression of gas
      content at both fixed stellar mass and fixed specific star
      formation rate (sSFR) in satellite galaxies begins in halo masses
      typical of the group regime (log Mh/M⊙ < 13.5), well before
      galaxies reach the cluster environment. We also show that
      environment driven gas depletion is more closely associated to halo
      mass than local density. Our results are then compared with
      state-of-the-art semi-analytic models and hydrodynamical
      simulations and discussed within this framework, showing that more
      work is needed if models are to reproduce the observations. We
      conclude that the observed decrease of gas content in the group and
      cluster environments cannot be reproduced by starvation of the gas
      supply alone and invoke fast acting processes such as ram-pressure
      stripping of cold gas to explain this.
     
  Comments: 17 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, MNRAS accepted. Minor revisions
            after review include addition of appendix on the effect of
            mergers on our result and clarification of small group environment
  Subjects:    Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
  DOI:    10.1093/mnras/stw2991
  Cite as:    arXiv:1611.00896 [astro-ph.GA]
       (or arXiv:1611.00896v2 [astro-ph.GA] for this version)

  Submission history

  From: Toby Brown [view email]
  [v1] Thu, 3 Nov 2016 06:46:39 GMT (8507kb,D)
  [v2] Thu, 17 Nov 2016 02:21:28 GMT (8638kb,D)

[pdf]https://arxiv.org/pdf/1611.00896.pdf[/pdf]
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1611.00896.pdf


Well there you have it. Donald Trump gets elected President, and the
Science professors know that their game of Global Warming, with the
resulting CO2 extractions from the Earth's Atmosphere  is over. The
Secret Societies controlled Academic Sciences of which Astronomy is
only one entirely controlled discipline, shifts gears and suddenly since
Nov 3, 2016 ([v1]) with an additional confirmation only three days
before Trumps inauguration on Jan 17, 2017 ([v2]) we are suddenly faced
with `Environmental' Gas problems in our entire Universe and all of the
Galaxy's and stars seems to be more affected than ever.

[rmstock]

A Dying Galaxy, at the Li SuperBowl '17

Lady Gaga SUPER BOWL LI Halftime Show Channels LUCIFER - Illuminati Alchemical Ritual EXPOSED
by FaceLikeTheSun , Published on Feb 5, 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cr4wJCxVlYU
  "The Illuminati are a group of men who believe that they have descended
   from an ET race. The Biblical account of Genesis 6 describes those who
   mated with human women, and bore giants. The strange reality is that
   the Illuminists believe that they are the sons of God, and by proxy,
   the descendants of the Nephilim. All of this has become public. And at
   the 2017 Super Bowl Halftime show, it was no different. Lucifer was
   exonerated and worshiped by Lady Gaga, and millions of unsuspecting
   Americans and citizens of the world."