A strong WARNING about the disinformation coming from John Alan Martinson Jr, Prothink & some others

Started by /tab, February 02, 2010, 05:25:47 AM

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CrackSmokeRepublican

Joe,

Don't insult the Mongolians, they have higher IQs than the Jews, according to the Jews themselves. Hitler is quite popular these days in Mongolia....  ;)
After the Revolution of 1905, the Czar had prudently prepared for further outbreaks by transferring some $400 million in cash to the New York banks, Chase, National City, Guaranty Trust, J.P.Morgan Co., and Hanover Trust. In 1914, these same banks bought the controlling number of shares in the newly organized Federal Reserve Bank of New York, paying for the stock with the Czar\'s sequestered funds. In November 1917,  Red Guards drove a truck to the Imperial Bank and removed the Romanoff gold and jewels. The gold was later shipped directly to Kuhn, Loeb Co. in New York.-- Curse of Canaan

mgt23

oooh please you are racist and thats that. on this site there are those anti joo(you) and those anti zio(me) nuff said

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Quote from: "joeblow"
Quote from: "Timothy_Fitzpatrick"Joe, I fail to see the significance of the Ashkenazis and how it is relative to discussion of Jews. Please explain.

The Ashkenazis, like many converts to Monotheistic religions from the Middle-East, have some sort of deep-seated complex of not having had any direct lineage (whether biological or historical) to the origin of their faith. This is a simple case of Human Nature, the sense of wanting to be a part of something that occurred a long time ago.

When you support this lie (of the millions of the others they tell), you tell them exactly what they want to hear. When I meet Ashkenazis, I always make it a point to remind them that they are not Middle-Easterners like I am. If they really piss me off, I start calling them a bunch of Turko-Mongolian-Slavic Gypsies.

OK, so far you have told me some "historical" stories of the Ashkenazis as well as some of your own personal experiences, but how does this change the topic at hand?

How is Judaism different from Zionism? I am still waiting for an answer.

Answer the question MGT
Fitzpatrick Informer:

mgt23

imo for what its worth......

Judaism is the worship of YHWH, believing that a messiah will come although he has yet to do so. In my interpretation I think normal jews are still zionist in the sense that they believe they have to be invited back to Israel by YHWH through proving their redemption.

Zionism is not just about land in Palestine(Theodor Herzl, Gurion blah blah blah). It is a Saturn/Cronus cult who are "human time" worshipers, whose modern reincarnation is via the Rothschilds. Zionism is about total and utter Jewish supremacy across the face of the globe. Consisting not just of a compound ethnic group but also the collaborators who sold out their morality for power and money. The end game according to my reading of the Zohar is the total and utter extermination of the goy so that the chosen will inherit the earth and future. According to the Zohar, ultimately they want a reunification with the light which means creating a universal singularity.

I hope this is precise enough for you. Have a nice day....

Tomas O'Crohan

Quote from: "mgt23"jews are a compound ethnic group. judaism = zionism is utter shite. if they worship the talmud then yes we have a problem. for example in the UK sikhs want to be registered as a race. what a stupid notion. jews are only a race if they are genetically linked of which particularly in jews case they are not. in my definition judaism does not = zionism and in a way the term jew loses information value. agreed tab they do indeed want it as hate speech and yes catholics are not a race neither are sikhs and neither are jews. zionism is the intolerable sickness and only that. people can think whatever disgusting thoughts they want.....what matters in law is what they do. Anyone who is anti JOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO is COININTEL or just pig ignorant.

I respectfully suggest that you read Hoffman's "Judaism Discovered". Having done so, it becomes quite a feat for one to be aware of the "declarations" of the Talmud and not observe that "Zionism" is nothing other than Talmudic declarations dressed up in political garb. "Zionism = Talmud = Judaism", that would be my description of the formula.

By the way, it's not helpful to a reasoned discourse to accuse those having a differing viewpoint as "pig ignorant". They might just be more knowledgeable than you and have drawn different conclusions from a study of the same subject matter. You may wish to ponder this possibility.

Ognir

I think we could make a show, on one side the Jews are a Race (TalmudTimmy) and Jews are not a race (Steve)
I could be moderator

Personally I knew a German girl (European White Catholic) that converted to being Jewess before she married a Jewish banker.
Now I've not heard anymore from her since then,  some 20 odd years ago but if they had any kids, they will be Jewish.

So I suppose my question is,  since she converted, would you describe her as part of the Jewish race?
Most zionists don't believe that God exists, but they do believe he promised them Palestine

- Ilan Pappe

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Quote from: "Ognir"I think we could make a show, on one side the Jews are a Race (TalmudTimmy) and Jews are not a race (Steve)
I could be moderator

Personally I knew a German girl (European White Catholic) that converted to being Jewess before she married a Jewish banker.
Now I've not heard anymore from her since then,  some 20 odd years ago but if they had any kids, they will be Jewish.

So I suppose my question is,  since she converted, would you describe her as part of the Jewish race?

I'm game Og :)
Fitzpatrick Informer:

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Quote from: "mgt23"imo for what its worth......

Judaism is the worship of YHWH, believing that a messiah will come although he has yet to do so. In my interpretation I think normal jews are still zionist in the sense that they believe they have to be invited back to Israel by YHWH through proving their redemption.

Zionism is not just about land in Palestine(Theodor Herzl, Gurion blah blah blah). It is a Saturn/Cronus cult who are "human time" worshipers, whose modern reincarnation is via the Rothschilds. Zionism is about total and utter Jewish supremacy across the face of the globe. Consisting not just of a compound ethnic group but also the collaborators who sold out their morality for power and money. The end game according to my reading of the Zohar is the total and utter extermination of the goy so that the chosen will inherit the earth and future. According to the Zohar, ultimately they want a reunification with the light which means creating a universal singularity.

I hope this is precise enough for you. Have a nice day....

MGT, thanks for responding and I will prepare a rebuttal that will rip this to shreds, but a little later.
Fitzpatrick Informer:

sirbadman

How can anyone think jews are really a race? Go look at the channel comments on my namesake youtube channel and see how a jew said jews are an "ethno-religious group". Which means f-all to me by the way. But this is proof that even some jews dont have the audacity to simply say they are a race.

For the clueless, Ashekenazi and Sephardi often bitch between each other heaps as it is and this has to do with their genetic differences anyway.

Plus go back in the time machine, Tiu pretty much looked at this topic before: http://theinfounderground.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=6009. Jews are doing rigged studies to try and prove they are a race.. what does that say?

Because of the conditions of the jewish religion/s, a lot of jews are inbred, but this does not maketh a race at all.

This is a good post and we must not forget that JAM, Quest, Adam Austin and prothink.. these guys have all been buddies at some time or another and have quite similar messages. Prothink is the only one who clearly does not look like a jew by the way, not to say the guy cant be misled of course.

By saying jews are a race and pretty much confessing you are a racist, you can get yourself in unnecessary trouble. You can attack the elite jews who wield the power without smearing all jews.

It is better to divide the jewish community anyway.. you know divide and conquer. Blind hatred and racism will unite jews who cannot possibly all have the same views.

And JAM honestly talks as if all jews think the same way.. it's statistically impossible and believing everything he says will lower your intelligence.

Please note JAM notoriously opens and closes as many websites as he can; i think he is collecting IP addresses.

Also:

Quoteby Seppuku ยป Wed Feb 03, 2010 7:50 am
John and Mike made Missing Links, which has countered the Alex Jones' kind of disinfo and helped spread the most vital facts about 911 and some other essential issues.

Sorry but this is better: http://theinfounderground.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5367&start=0&hilit=Search%E2%80%A6+Israel+did+911+all+the+proof+in+the+world

mgt23

You will have my decision tomorrow 9pm GMT. I want to offer a precise debate topic i'm happy with and that your happy with. Precise debating rules and I'm thinking Sat 20th feb 9pm GMT for debate if people can accommodate that.

Travis

Quote from: "Ognir"I think we could make a show, on one side the Jews are a Race (TalmudTimmy) and Jews are not a race (Steve)
I could be moderator

Personally I knew a German girl (European White Catholic) that converted to being Jewess before she married a Jewish banker.
Now I've not heard anymore from her since then,  some 20 odd years ago but if they had any kids, they will be Jewish.

So I suppose my question is,  since she converted, would you describe her as part of the Jewish race?

Ognir the thing is ,the Jews believe that a convert is a Jew soul born in a goy body. They think God does this to test the faith of the Jew. So in short, according to Jews, even a convert is still a 'ethnic' Jew, as it is believed their soul was always Jewish. But from normal stand point the person would not be an ethnic Jew.

Oh to add to the deabte: Race or not we are still dealing with a bunch of rotten cunts!

Ognir

Quotethe Jews believe that a convert is a Jew soul born in a goy body. They think God does this to test the faith of the Jew. So in short even a convert is still a 'ethnic' Jew,

Maybe a valid point but we do have science and DNA testing
Most zionists don't believe that God exists, but they do believe he promised them Palestine

- Ilan Pappe

Rockclimber

Quote from: "Ognir"I think we could make a show, on one side the Jews are a Race (TalmudTimmy) and Jews are not a race (Steve)
I could be moderator

Personally I knew a German girl (European White Catholic) that converted to being Jewess before she married a Jewish banker.
Now I've not heard anymore from her since then,  some 20 odd years ago but if they had any kids, they will be Jewish.

So I suppose my question is,  since she converted, would you describe her as part of the Jewish race?

Excellent point which is why, in part that I say that they are not their own UNIQUE race (such as ashkenazi's, African Jews, sephardic, ect). It's a religion that claims to be a race, whereas the secular want it to be a race so they can keep their self chosen status and their victimhood.

Looking forward to the debat though.
Quote from: "Travis"
Quote from: "Ognir"I think we could make a show, on one side the Jews are a Race (TalmudTimmy) and Jews are not a race (Steve)
I could be moderator

Personally I knew a German girl (European White Catholic) that converted to being Jewess before she married a Jewish banker.
Now I've not heard anymore from her since then, some 20 odd years ago but if they had any kids, they will be Jewish.

So I suppose my question is, since she converted, would you describe her as part of the Jewish race?

Ognir the thing is ,the Jews believe that a convert is a Jew soul born in a goy body. They think God does this to test the faith of the Jew. So in short even a convert is still a 'ethnic' Jew, as it is believed their soul was always Jewish.

Oh good grief, they have formulated every 'out' there is to try and keep their self-chosen status. Such supremacist assholes.

Travis

Quote from: "Ognir"
Quotethe Jews believe that a convert is a Jew soul born in a goy body. They think God does this to test the faith of the Jew. So in short even a convert is still a 'ethnic' Jew,

Maybe a valid point but we do have science and DNA testing

We do, but they do not care about DNA tests, they are trying to get thousands of Indians into occupied Palestine under the pretext that they are lost Jewish tribe even though they have failed DNA tests.  :lol:

Anyway this problem is not ethnic its ideological. No one is born with satanic beliefs.

QuoteUnder the plan, the "lost Jews" would be brought to Israel over the next two years by right-wing and religious organisations who, critics are concerned, will seek to place them in West Bank settlements in a bid to foil Israel's partial agreement to a temporary freeze of settlement growth.
A previous attempt to bring the Bnei Menashe to Israel was halted in 2003 by Avraham Poraz, the interior minister at the time, after it became clear that most of the 1,500 who had arrived were being sent to extremist settlements, including in the Gaza Strip and next to Hebron, the large Palestinian city in the West Bank.
Dror Etkes, who monitors settlement growth for Yesh Din, an Israeli human rights group, said there were strong grounds for suspecting that some of the new Bnei Menashe would end up in the settlements, too.
"There is a mutual interest being exploited here," he said. "The Bnei Menashe get help to make aliyah [immigration] while the settlements get lots of new arrivals to bolster their numbers, including in settlements close to Palestinian areas where most Israelis would not want to venture."
The government's decision, leaked this month to Ynet, Israel's biggest news website, was made possible by a ruling in 2005 by Shlomo Amar, one of Israel's two chief rabbis, that the Bnei Menashe are one of 10 lost Jewish tribes, supposedly exiled from the Middle East 2,700 years ago.
He ordered a team of rabbis to go to north-east India to begin preparing Bnei Menashe who identified themselves as Jews for conversion to the strictest stream of Judaism, Orthodoxy, so they would qualify to immigrate to Israel under the Law of Return.
The Bnei Menashe belong to an ethnic group called the Shinlung, who number more than one million and live mainly in the states of Manipur and Mizoram, close to the border with Myanmar. They were converted from animism to Christianity by British missionaries a century ago, but a small number claim to have kept an ancient connection to Judaism.
DNA samples taken from the Bnei Menashe have failed so far to establish any common ancestry to Jews.

 

mgt23

QuoteClassical debate

Classical debate is a relatively new debate format, first created and primarily practiced in the state of Minnesota. It was formed as an alternative to Policy debating. Certain judges and coaches felt that the development of Policy had led it to become an extremely specialized form of debate with heavy reliance on near-incomprehensible speed in speaking and less emphasis on real-world arguments in favor of "strategic" arguments that often bordered on the near-absurd. With a structure similar to that of Policy, Classical debate emphasizes logic and real-world discussion. For this reason, it is often nicknamed "Policy Lite".

As opposed to Policy, where each Affirmative proposes a new plan, classical debate is simpler: one resolution is chosen at the beginning of the season, which the Affirmative affirms and Negative negates. The emphasis on depth instead of breadth provided by the restriction can make for interesting rounds that often come down to arguments that might otherwise pale in other formats.

Structure = 10/5-10/5-10/5-10/5 Affirmative/Negative

Case1)Can we define a race using language?
Case2)Is a race a genetic or memetic value of Judaism?
Case3)Is race relevent to justice?
Case4)What are the implications for social policy enforcement of Zionism, if any?

Tim I'll offer you two cases of the affirmative above. Choose.......i'll take the other two

Mod= noel

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Fitzpatrick Informer:

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Jews are different races for sure, but mainly one. The more important issue is Jewish culture. That is the problem. As I said yeseterday, where religion fails to make a Jew Zionist, culture succeeds.
Fitzpatrick Informer:

Ognir

Most zionists don't believe that God exists, but they do believe he promised them Palestine

- Ilan Pappe

mgt23

precisely. I dont care about their culture. I care about their power and its implementation. As Soverign I've a problem with that.

bigwaga

HI

Looks like everybody getting away from the thread, Adam Austin and JAM, have their opinions and i'm fine with that. They have a lot of logical and sensible arguments regarding the chosen people. The thread was concerned with disinfo coming out from JAM, I don't see any disinfo, A bit of racism, Yes, but no deliberate disinfo. We need to bring all our ideas together and forget our differences. I will not throw out info just because i do not agree with the person giving me the info. I'll do the research and come to the conclusions myself.

John

mgt23

I agree partially bigwaga, but JAM on Venom on Concen last week was saying we should kill them to the last based on genetics, even though the attack was on the culture(sucking babies penises point) My stickler was how does a baby have culture? It hasnt even language yet?......So JAM's definition of race and its implemantation i have a problem with. I will never kill a baby,

edit: nor would i advocate it ever.

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Quote from: "mgt23"precisely. I dont care about their culture. I care about their power and its implementation. As Soverign I've a problem with that.

Jewish culture has created the notorius International Jew.

If you guys would spend just a little time studying Judaism, you might not make ignorant and dumb comments like "Judaism does not equal Zionism."
Fitzpatrick Informer:

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Timmy responds to MGT regarding his absurd declarations on Zionism

I love these fly-by-night anti-Zionists who read a couple of websites on Zionism and all of a sudden think they are experts regarding the Jewish question.

Zionism originates in the Jewish Torah (First 5 books of the Old Testament). The second most sacred religious text among Jews. This is an absolute and undisputed fact. Zionism is religious and here's how:

The Jewish Religion, in the Torah, teaches that God created the earth for the Jew to rule over. As the "preservers" of the earth, Jews are to rule over and teach non-Jews the ways of God.

This is the essential teachings of Zionism and is why most Jews believe they have an inalienable right to that tract of land in the mid-East presently called Israel.

Zionism (religious Torah teaching) became political because naturally, the Jew has demanded the "land right" claim with everyone who has contested it with them.

It was inevitable that the Jewish people and their bizarre religion would become political. Land claims are ALWAYS political. Men have fought for thousands of years over it.

Regarding so called Anti-Zionist Jews
SOME Orthodox Jews do not believe present day Israel is sanctioned by God. Therefore they oppose the present day Israeli state. However, these same Jews do believe in a Zionist state at some future point in time, so they are really Zionist essentially. They believe in all the Zionist concepts as do the Zionists who support present day Israel. There is no such thing as a non-Zionist Jew, or else he would not be Jewish. It is an impossibility.

This is very simple if you take the time to learn.
Fitzpatrick Informer:

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Quote from: "bigwaga"HI

Looks like everybody getting away from the thread, Adam Austin and JAM, have their opinions and i'm fine with that. They have a lot of logical and sensible arguments regarding the chosen people. The thread was concerned with disinfo coming out from JAM, I don't see any disinfo, A bit of racism, Yes, but no deliberate disinfo. We need to bring all our ideas together and forget our differences. I will not throw out info just because i do not agree with the person giving me the info. I'll do the research and come to the conclusions myself.

John

JAM shows no racism or disinfo. Calling to beware of all Jews is not racist. The Americans did the same thing to the Japanese during the war.
It is a legitimate protection mechanism.
Calling for killing Jews is the strawman anti-semitism I was talking about earlier. Most of the time its either Jews-posing-as-Nazis that are calling for the death of Jews, or really dumbass white supremacists.
Fitzpatrick Informer:

THE AQUARIAN 1

I'm gonna go out on a limb here and say that Timothy_Fitzpatrick is a sock puppet.

There is no race.  Only humans.  Anyone who tells you different has not used their brain properly.

Yours,

THE AQUARIAN 1

THE AQUARIAN 1

Also, if we look at this statement by T. Von Fitzpatrick:

"There is no such thing as a non-Zionist Jew, or else he would not be Jewish. It is an impossibility."

Judaism becomes an ideology.

Yours,

THE AQUARIAN 1

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Quote from: "THE AQUARIAN 1"I'm gonna go out on a limb here and say that Timothy_Fitzpatrick is a sock puppet.

There is no race.  Only humans.  Anyone who tells you different has not used their brain properly.

Yours,

THE AQUARIAN 1


Nice disinfo THE AQUARIAN. Someome is telling the truth that Zionism and Judaism are the same, and you come along and derail it with nonsense about race.

I am not talking about race, but many on here insist to keep the discussion on it. Why is that? And what's with the "Von?" Trying to imply I am a Germanic Death Cultist?

Disprove anything in my post to MGT on Zionism. Oh wait, you dont want to talk about that, you want to keep the discussion on RACE, as if it matters.
Fitzpatrick Informer:

Anonymous

Quote from: "Seppuku"John and Mike made Missing Links, which has countered the Alex Jones' kind of disinfo and helped spread the most vital facts about 911 and some other essential issues.
Even if they made serious mistakes after that major achievement (OWNP for John, endorsing a guy like Quest on the bus tour for Mike) there was nothing produced by anyone here or elsewhere as useful and powerful than their film since its release.
So please stop bashing them until you've created such a mind opening tool.


Actually, I wrote at least 50% of it and was nudged out by the satanist who later changed every "zionist" to "jew" and inserted lots of unnecessary information.  Mike is very easily influenced and that's why he kept changing alliances.  That movie effectively poisoned the well for this information and a thorough documentary has not gathered all the evidence in a PRESENTABLE way at all.  Missing Links can be caricatured and diffused by jewish propaganda very easily as rambling "jew-hate."

Timothy_Fitzpatrick

Quote from: "Khanverse"
Quote from: "Seppuku"John and Mike made Missing Links, which has countered the Alex Jones' kind of disinfo and helped spread the most vital facts about 911 and some other essential issues.
Even if they made serious mistakes after that major achievement (OWNP for John, endorsing a guy like Quest on the bus tour for Mike) there was nothing produced by anyone here or elsewhere as useful and powerful than their film since its release.
So please stop bashing them until you've created such a mind opening tool.


Actually, I wrote at least 50% of it and was nudged out by the satanist who later changed every "zionist" to "jew" and inserted lots of unnecessary information.  Mike is very easily influenced and that's why he kept changing alliances.  That movie effectively poisoned the well for this information and a thorough documentary has not gathered all the evidence in a PRESENTABLE way at all.  Missing Links can be caricatured and diffused by jewish propaganda very easily as rambling "jew-hate."


Something wrong with saying Jew instead of Zionist? Are only Zionists capable of bad things? Jews are innocent? Is there a difference between the two? Show me.

Furthermore, someone please explain to me how saying Jewish instead of Zionist is cointel.

QuoteMissing Links can be caricatured and diffused by jewish propaganda very easily as rambling "jew-hate."

Hah, and you really think that if JAM would have substituted Jew with Zionist in Missing Links, the ADL would have layed off him? Last I checked the ADL attacked those who are anti-Zionist too. Very suspicious circular reasoning you are using here.
Fitzpatrick Informer:

mgt23

If you don't want "Case1)Can we define a race using language?"  I'll take it..........My affirmative model will be that...
QuoteRace can only be seen as a Social Construct; that there is one Human race genetically and that any attempt to reach a definition on race as subspecies as used in the popular vernacular lacks informational value.

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/ ... 071098.php

QuotePublic release date: 7-Oct-1998


Contact: Tony Fitzpatrick
mailto:tony_fitzpatrick@aismail.wustl.edu">tony_fitzpatrick@aismail.wustl.edu
314-935-5272
Washington University in St. Louis
Genetically Speaking, Race Doesn't Exist In Humans

Race doesn't matter. In fact, it doesn't even exist in humans. While that may sound like the idealistic decree of a minister or rabbi, it's actually the conclusion of an evolutionary and population biologist at Washington University in St. Louis.

Alan R. Templeton, Ph.D., professor of biology in Arts and Sciences at Washington University, has analyzed DNA from global human populations that reveal the patterns of human evolution over the past one million years. He shows that while there is plenty of genetic variation in humans, most of the variation is individual variation. While between-population variation exists, it is either too small, which is a quantitative variation, or it is not the right qualitative type of variation -- it does not mark historical sublineages of humanity.

Using the latest molecular biology techniques, Templeton has analyzed millions of genetic sequences found in three distinct types of human DNA and concludes that, in the scientific sense, the world is colorblind. That is, it should be.

"Race is a real cultural, political and economic concept in society, but it is not a biological concept, and that unfortunately is what many people wrongfully consider to be the essence of race in humans -- genetic differences," says Templeton. "Evolutionary history is the key to understanding race, and new molecular biology techniques offer so much on recent evolutionary history. I wanted to bring some objectivity to the topic. This very objective analysis shows the outcome is not even a close call: There's nothing even like a really distinct subdivision of humanity."

Templeton used the same strategy to try to identify race in human populations that evolutionary and population biologists use for non-human species, from salamanders to chimpanzees. He treated human populations as if they were non-human populations.

"I'm not saying these results don't recognize genetic differences among human populations," he cautions. "There are differences, but they don't define historical lineages that have persisted for a long time. The point is, for race to have any scientific validity and integrity it has to have generality beyond any one species. If it doesn't, the concept is meaningless."

Templeton's paper, "Human Races: A Genetic and Evolutionary Perspective," is published in the fall 1998 issue of American Anthropologist, an issue almost exclusively devoted to race. The new editor-in-chief of American Anthropologist is Robert W. Sussman, Ph.D., professor of anthropology in Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis.

Sussman and his guest editor for this issue, Faye Harrison, Ph.D., professor of anthropology at the University of South Carolina, have enlisted the talents and expertise of anthropologists across the discipline's four subdivisions -- biological, socio-cultural, linguistics and archeological anthropology -- plus Templeton and literary essayist Gerald L. Early, Ph.D., Merle Kling Professor of Modern Letters in Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, to provide a renewed perspective on race, a topic that historically is linked closely to anthropology.

"The folk concept of race in America is so ingrained as being biologically based and scientific that it is difficult to make people see otherwise," says Sussman, a biological anthropologist. "We live on the one-drop racial division -- if you have one drop of black or Native American blood, you are considered black or Native American, but that doesn't cover one's physical characteristics. Templeton's paper shows that if we were forced to divide people into groups using biological traits, we'd be in real trouble. Simple divisions are next to impossible to make scientifically, yet we have developed simplistic ways of dividing people socially."

Single Evolutionary Lineage

Templeton analyzed genetic data from mitochondrial DNA, a form inherited only from the maternal side; Y chromosome DNA, paternally inherited DNA; and nuclear DNA, inherited from both sexes. His results showed that 85 percent of genetic variation in the human DNA was due to individual variation. A mere 15 percent could be traced to what could be interpreted as "racial" differences.

"The 15 percent is well below the threshold that is used to recognize race in other species," Templeton says. "In many other large mammalian species, we see rates of differentiation two or three times that of humans before the lineages are even recognized as races. Humans are one of the most genetically homogenous species we know of. There's lots of genetic variation in humanity, but it's basically at the individual level. The between-population variation is very, very minor."

Among Templeton's conclusions: there is more genetic similarity between Europeans and sub-Saharan Africans and between Europeans and Melanesians, inhabitants of islands northeast of Australia, than there is between Africans and Melanesians. Yet, sub-Saharan Africans and Melanesians share dark skin, hair texture and cranial-facial features, traits commonly used to classify people into races. According to Templeton, this example shows that "racial traits" are grossly incompatible with overall genetic differences between human populations.

"The pattern of overall genetic differences instead tells us that genetic lineages rapidly spread out to all of humanity, indicating that human populations have always had a degree of genetic contact with one another, and thus historically don't show any distinct evolutionary lineages within humanity," Templeton says. "Rather, all of humanity is a single long-term evolutionary lineage."

Templeton's analysis gives impetus to the trellis model of evolutionary lineages, as opposed to the candelabra model, still popular among many anthropologists. The candelabra model generally holds that humanity first evolved in Africa and then spread out of Africa into different populations in Europe and Asia. Picture a candelabra, then imagine three distinct populations emerging from a single stem, each of them separate genetic entities that have not mixed genes, and thus are distinct, biological races.

The trellis model pictures humanity as a latticework, each part having a connection with all other parts. It recognizes that modern humans started in Africa about 100 million years ago, but as humans spread, they also could, and did, come back into Africa, and genes were interchanged globally, not so much by individual Don Juans as through interchanges by adjacent populations.

"If you look down at any one part of a trellis, you see that all parts are interconnected," Templeton explains. "Similarly, with modern molecular evolutionary techniques, we can find over time genes in any one local area of humanity that are shared by all of humanity throughout time. There are no distinct branches, no distinct lineages. By this modern definition for race, there are no races in humanity."

Out of Africa

The candelabra model often is used to justify the "out of Africa" replacement theory, whereby modern humans descended from a single African population, expanding out of Africa and replacing the less advanced Old World humans in Europe, Asia and Africa.

Templeton's analysis suggests a less hostile scenario. "Traits can spread out of Africa to all of humanity because all of humanity is genetically interconnected," he says. "Spreading traits doesn't require spreading out and killing off all the earlier people. They're spread by reproducing with people -- it's make love, not war."

Sussman says one of his motivations in devoting his first issue of American Anthropologist to race was to show the relevance of anthropology both in the academic world and in our everyday lives.

"Historically, race has been a key issue in anthropology," says Sussman. "Since about 1910, anthropologists have been fighting this lack of understanding of what people are really like, how people have migrated and mixed together.

Anthropologists such as Franz Boas, W.E.B. Dubois, Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict and Ashley Montagu were in the forefront of warning people about the dangers of Nazism during the '30s and '40s, yet the anthropologists' profile on key issues in America has been so low recently that when President Clinton appointed a committee on race in 1997, there wasn't a single anthropologist on it.

"Anthropology, in some ways, has become too esoteric. One of my goals with the journal is to show what anthropologists are doing and how they relate to how we think and how we live."